Structure, mechanism of formation and genetic regulation of associations between lignin and polysaccharides in plant cell walls

木质素和多糖之间的联系是植物科学中许多研究的主题，但这种联系的经济影响尚未得到很好的认识。造纸用化学纸浆中与多糖紧密结合的残留木质素可通过氯或二氧化氯漂白去除。有毒和诱变的氯化化学物质，如脱氧蛋白，从漂白系统释放到生态系统。成熟过程中饲料植物营养价值的降低可能是由于木质素和多糖之间形成了关联。因此，阐明这些关联物的生物学、生物化学和化学特征是很重要的。任何维管植物的木质化次生壁都有不同程度和不同类型的木质素与多糖的联系。细胞壁的化学替代所显示的联系表明，植物器官的重要部分通过这种联系机械地得到加强。木质素大分子具有柔韧性，可以覆盖多糖原纤维表面，与多糖基质自由缠绕，形成共价键。综述了目前对木质素与多糖之间的连锁类型的认识，特别关注植物木质素细胞壁的化学和大分子特征。

The associations between lignin and polysaccharides are the subjects of much study in plant science, but the economic impact of the associations is not well recognised. Residual lignins linked firmly to polysaccharides in chemical pulp for paper making are removed by bleaching using chlorine or chlorine dioxide. Toxic and mutagenic chlorinated chemicals such as doxin are released into ecosystems from bleaching system. Lowering of nutritive values of forage plants during maturation is probably due to the formation of associations between lignin and polysaccharides. It is important, therefore to elucidate the biological, biochemical and chemical features of the associations.Lignified secondary walls of any vascular plants have associations between lignin and polysaccharides of different extent and with different types of linkages depending on the plant species. The associations visualized by chemical substitution of walls suggest that the important parts of plant organs are reinforced mechanically by the associations. Lignin macromolecules are flexible, and can cover the surface of polysaccharide fibrils and freely entangle with the polysaccharide matrix, as well as forming covalent linkages. Current understanding of the linkage types between lignin and polysaccharides is reviewed, with particular, attention to the chemical and macromolecular features of lignin cell walls of plants.