Physio-anthropological study on indoor thermal environments from a view point of Japanese thermal adaptability

(1)冬季儿童对热的循环反应不如夏季，但各季节儿童的排汗反应与青少年相似。(2)本研究池水温夏季约39℃，冬季约42℃。我们报道，当体温较低时，淋浴时水温较高是首选。冬天水温高，可能不仅是因为日本人的习惯，还有冬天浴室供暖不足的原因。冬季较低的室温和较热的洗澡水，对于生理功能和感觉较弱的老年人来说，可能是造成事故的原因。(3)空气温度变化后，尤其是空气温度从25℃降至15℃后，在θ波（F7）处发现气味与空气温度对脑电图的交互作用。提示气味对脑电图的影响可能与空气温度的高低有关。(4)浴室照明色温可以改变洗澡时和洗澡后的体温，冬季洗澡水温一定。结果表明，冬季卫生间照明以800lm、3000K为宜，可使人体处于舒适的保暖状态。(5)受试者在26V环境下比在26C环境下感觉更冷、更不舒服。在26F中，他们感到和在26C中一样舒适。26F的热舒适性高于26F。温度在28华氏度时最舒适。在维持健康和舒适的生活环境方面，波动热控制可能优于恒定热控制。

(1) Circulatory responses of the children to heat in winter are inferior to those in summer, although the sweating responses of the children are similar to those of the young adults in each season.(2) In this study, the water temperatures of baths varied from about 39℃ in summer to 42℃ in winter. We reported that higher water temperature during showering was preferred when body temperature was low. Higher water temperature in winter might be due not only to Japanese habits, but insufficient bathroom heating in winter. Lower room temperature and hotter bath water in winter may be the cause of accidents for the elderly, who have weak physiological functions and sensations.(3) The interaction of odor and air temperature on EEG was found at θwave (F7) right after air temperature change, especially air temperature decrease from 25℃ to 15℃. It suggests that the effect of odor on EEG might be dependent on the degree of air temperature.(4) The color temperature of bathroom lighting could change body temperature during and after bathing with a constant bathing water temperature in winter. It was concluded that the lighting of 800 lm and 3000K in bathroom should be appropriate in winter to keep body warm in a comfortable state.(5) The subjects felt cooler and less comfortable in 26V than in 26C. In 26F, they felt the same level of comfort as in 26C. Thermal comfort in 26F was higher than in 26F. The most thermal comfort was found in 28F. There is a possibility that fluctuated thermal control may be superior to constant control in maintaining a healthy and comfortable living environment.