Development of Barrier precautions in Nursing Practice

考虑到预防MRSA等细菌的医院感染的重要性，重新审视了传统的护理方法在感染控制中的作用，并尝试开发一种新的方法。在照顾所有患者时采取预防措施是必要的，因为所有患者都可能携带传染原。根据这种方法，已经提出了“医院细菌感染保护”。在病人护理中，当预期会接触到细菌大量存在的物质时，本方法采取防护措施（手套、口罩、防护服等）。另一方面，预防HCV和HIV等通过血液和体液传播的病毒感染不仅是患者的问题，也是包括医院人员在内的医院感染问题。因此，本研究准备了“血体液保护”。结合上述两种预防措施，制定了《医院屏障预防措施》。然后由神奈川县、埼玉县和石川县的一家大学医院和三家综合医院的护理人员进行了实验。结果表明，如果提供适当的防护用品和教学方案，“医院屏障防护”似乎是可行的，并且可以被护理人员使用。

Considering the importance of the prevention of the nosocomial infection by bacteria like MRSA traditional nursing art in infection control was reexamined, and the development of a new method has been tried. The approach of taking the precautions in the care of all patients is necessary, because infectious agents can be carried for all patients. Under this approach "Bacterial Infection Protection in Hospitals" has been already proposed. When the contact with the substance in which bacteria can exist in great numbers is anticipated in patient care, the precaution by the protection (glove, mask, protecting gown, etc.) is taken in this method.On the other hand, the prevention of the viral infection through blood and body fluid such as HCV and HIV is also important as not only patient but also problem of the nosocomial infection including hospital personnel. Then, "blood and body fluid protection" was prepared in this study.By combining the above two precautions, "Barrier Precautions in Hospitals" was developed. Then it was carried out experimentally by the nursing staff in one university hospital and three general hospitals in Kanagawa, Saitama and Ishikawa prefectures. The result showed that "Barrier Precautions in Hospitals" seemed o be practicable and to be utilized by the nursing staff if appropriate protection supplies and teaching programs are provided.