Positive Research on the Acculturation and Socialdisciplin by Organizing of the Parish and School District in Modern German Society

作者对世纪普鲁士地方社会中人们的日常生活和心理是如何通过教区和学区的组织而发生变化的提出了新的认识。结果如下所示。(1)教会和学校管理的专制结构福尔马茨（3月前）教会和学校管理系统的重组旨在将地方社区、农村和城市的教会和学校置于国家控制之下。（2）省议会的讨论（Provinziallandtag）这一普鲁士省议会具有立法反对国家权力行政和实现公开讨论的鲜明特点。普鲁士省小学总章程草案的讨论体现了学区委员会在行政管理中的自主性和参与性。我把这种自治称为Gemeindismus（共产主义）。另一方面，威斯特法伦省议会限制公开讨论，但促进了当地社区的请愿。这些讨论是为了使教会和学校的管理合理化或现代化。(3)宪法和学校访问的文化适应和社会纪律宪法和学校访问喜欢把公共领域从日常生活的常规特征中分离出来。因此，日常生活模式不仅被划分，而且公共生活和私人生活也被区分开来。这种访问在19世纪80年代达到了目的，特别是在Gubinnen，并形成了与他人合作的个人行为模式。

The author presents a new understanding of how peoples daily life and mentality in the prussian locale society was transfigured by organizing into parish and schooldistrict in the 19th century. The results are given as under.(1) The authoritarian structure of church and school administrationThe reorganization of administrative systems for church and school in Vormarz(pre-March) intendet getting church and school in the local communities, rural and urban under state control. That concrete policy was to reorganize locale society under state power(2) The discussion in the provincial diet (Provinziallandtag)This prussian provincial diet had a distinguishing characteristic as legislationsorgan against administration by state power and realized public offering of discussion. The draftsdiscussions of the general elementary schoolregulation in province prussia manifested an autonomy and participation in the administration of the school districht-board. I gave this autonomy the term as Gemeindismus (communitism). On the other side the westfalen provincial diet restricted public offering of discussion, but promoted the petitions by the local communities. This discussions went toward the rationalization or modernization of the administration for church and school.(3) The acculturation and socialdisciplin by the constistrial and school visitationsThe constistrial and school visitations endearvored to separate the public sphere from a regular feature of daily life. As a result the everyday pattern of life was not only to become compartmentalized, but also public and private life was to be kept distinct. This visitations attained their aims in 1880s, especially in Gubinnen and produced the formation of individuals behavioral pattern of cooperating with others for a common goal.