New Concept for Electrplysis of Rare Metals-application of hydrogen gas oxidation as anodic reaction=

以氢气氧化为阳极反应，研究了稀有金属的电解。选择钛作为靶材料是因为其具有更广泛的市场。本文还尝试了从氟氯化物熔体中电解钛和高温直接电解钛锭两种方法，其结果如下：（1）在含K_2TIF_6的LiF-NaF-KF熔体中电解金属钛。钛离子的部分电化学还原是不必要的，因此该过程是简化相比，在氯化物熔体。H_2气体在碳气电极上的电化学氧化可作为该过程的阳极反应。电解过程稳定，槽电压保持在2 V左右，但沉积钛的形貌多为粉末状。用水冲洗盐并不容易。(2)在含K_2TIF_6的NaCl-KCl-NaF-KF熔体中电解金属钛。在适宜的条件下，阳极电位可控制在较低的值，电解稳定进行。Ti离子的部分电化学还原是不必要的。并废弃气体电极。因此，采用氢气氧化作为阳极反应，不仅可以简化氯化物熔体中的氧化过程，而且可以简化氟化物熔体中的氧化过程。NaCl-KCl-NaF-KF盐比LiF-NaF-KF盐更容易用水从Ti存款中除去。(3)在电渣重熔装置中，对含TiO_2的CaF_2-CaO混合物施加大电流。混合物通过焦耳热熔化。并且在电解槽底部的阴极处获得Ti金属。得出结论，该过程是有前途的原则，并必须提供足够的热量，以实现该过程。

Electrolysis of rare metal has been studied by using H_2 gas oxidation as anodic reaction. Ti was chosen as a target material because of its wider market. Two other methods were also tried, namely electrowinning of Ti from a fluoride-chloride melt and direct electrolysis of a Ti ingot at high temperature.The results are summaized as follows ;(1) Ti metal was electrowon in a LiF-NaF-KF melt with K_2TIF_6. Partial electrochemical reduction of Ti ions was not necessary so that the process was simplified in comparison to that in a chloride melt. The electrochemical oxidation of H_2 gas at a carbon gas electrode could be used as an anodic reaction for the process. Stable electrolysis was performed, and the cell voltage kept very low as about 2V.However, the morphology of the deposited Ti was usually powdery. Rinsing of the salt with water was not easy.(2) Ti metal was electrowon in a NaCl-KCI-NaF-KF melt with K_2TIF_6. The anode potential could be controlled to lower value under the suitable condition, and stable electrolysis was conducted. Partial electrochemical reduction of Ti ions was not necessary. and a gas electrode was disused. Therefore, the process could be simplified in comparison to not only that in a chloride melt and also that in a fluoride melt by using H_2 gas oxidation as anodic reaction. The NaCl-KCl-NaF-KF salt was removed from the Ti deposit with water more easily than the LiF-NaF-KF salt.(3) High DC-current was applied through a CaF_2-CaO mixture containing TiO_2 in an electro-slag remelting apparatus. The mixture was melted by Joule heat. and Ti metal was obtained at the cathode on the bottom of the cell. It is concluded that this process is promising in principal, and that a sufficient heat must be supplied to actualize the process.