Experimental Analysis of Physical Phenomenon at the Impact of Space Debris by the Simulator Using the Accelerating Method of Colliod Thruster

根据胶体推进器加速原理设计了碎片模拟器，并进行了实验研究。该模拟器由一个用于初级电子源的钨丝加热器、三个不锈钢电极(两个用于加速电子，一个用于加速带电粒子)和电极之间的绝缘体组成。用碳粒子(直径分别为50、100、500μm)对固体粒子进行了加速实验验证。在本研究的第一阶段，发现了模拟器设计中的许多问题，没有达到粒子的加速。在下一学期，根据第一学期出现的问题对模拟器进行了改进。此外，由玻璃制成的容器被连接到真空室，以直观地观察模拟器的运行情况。为了方便颗粒的供给，设计并制作了一种新型的压电式碳粒供给装置。在第三个学期中，利用改进的模拟器进行了实验。结果验证了粒子的加速度，并观察到了加速的条件。在实验的基础上，利用碎片和任务分析模型分析了碎片对系绳系统性能的影响。该模拟器对颗粒的充电和加速比我们预想的要困难得多，我们首次计划的利用该模拟器进行的绳索损伤实验在这三个方面都无法实现。然而，本研究首次通过对粒子加速的验证，证明了这种加速方式在碎片模拟器中应用的可能性。此后将继续进行这项实验。

The debris simulator was designed in accordance with the principle of acceleration of colloid thruster and the experiment of this simulator was performed. The simulator was constructed with a tungsten wire heater for the source of primary electrons, three electrodes of stainless steel (two for acceleration of electrons, one for acceleration for charged particles) and insulators between electrodes. The carbon particles (diameters : 50,100,500μm) were used for verifying the acceleration of solid particles by this type of simulator. Many problems in the design of the simulator were revealed and the acceleration of particles was not attained in the first term of this research. In next term, the simulator was improved in accordance with the problems shown in the first term. In addition, the vessel made by glass was attached to the vacuum chamber for the visual observation of the operation of the simulator. The carbon particle supply device using Piezo actuator was also designed and fabricated newly for the convenience of particle supply. In the third term, the experiment with this improved simulator was performed. As a result, the acceleration of particles was certified and the condition of the acceleration was observed. In addition of the experiment, the effect of impact of debris on the performance of tether system was analyzed by the debris and mission analysis models. The charging and acceleration of the particles by this simulator was more difficult than we expected and the experiment of damage of tether by debris using this simulator which we planned at first time could not be achieved in this three terms. However, the possibility of the application of this type of acceleration to debris simulator was shown by the certification of the acceleration of particles for the first time in this research. The experiment will be continued hereafter.