Analysis of crescent formation by monoclonal antibody at rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.

尽管应用了抗肾小球上皮细胞或单核细胞/巨噬细胞的单克隆抗体（mAb），但新月体肾炎中新月体形成细胞的起源尚未阐明。这项研究进行了表征新月体的细胞组成，使用一种新的标记物，单克隆抗体OS-3，对巨噬细胞，足细胞在正常大鼠肾小球培养物的变化。OS-3单克隆抗体与部分正常Bowman囊上皮细胞反应。雌性WKY大鼠3只，分别于造模后2 h、1、3、7、14 d和2个月处死，注射兔抗肾小球基底膜（GBM）血清。3 d时肾小球内可见节段性OS-3阳性细胞，14 d时增加，2月时减少。这些mAb阳性细胞对应于第3天和第14天连续配对光学显微镜下的细胞新月体。这些在双重免疫荧光（IF）染色中缺乏与抗足糖萼蛋白的反应性。免疫电镜观察第3天和第7天的肾小球，然而，在细胞内观察到反应产物，位于GBM的外表面，这被认为是足细胞的基础上，其localization.In结论，我们已经表明了一种可能性，受损的足细胞部分构成新月体形成细胞的表型变化可视化与单克隆抗体OS-3，提出了一个新的概念新月体形成。也就是说，新月体可能部分由表型改变的细胞组成，这不能通过肾小球上皮细胞或单核细胞/巨噬细胞的典型标志物检测到。

The origin of crescent forming cells in crescentic glomerulonephritis has not been clarified in spite of the application of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against glomerular epithelial cells or monocytes/macrophages. This study was undertaken to characterize the cellular composition of crescent using a new marker, mAb OS-3, produced against macrophagic cells into which podocytes changed in normal rat glomerular culture. mAb OS-3 was confirmed to be reactive with some normal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule. Three female WKY rats were injected with rabbit anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) serum and sacrificed, respectively at 2 hours, 1, 3, 7, 14 days and 2 months. mAb OS-3-positive cells were segmentally observed at 3 days in glomeruli, increased at 14 days, but decreased at 2 month. These mAb positive cells were corresponded to cellular crescents in serially paired light microscopy on day 3 and 14. These lacked the reactivity with anti-podocalyxin in double immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Immunoelectron microscopy of a glomerulus on day 3 and 7, however, reaction products were observed within cells, located on outer surface of GBM, which were considered to be podocyte based on its localization.In conclusion, we have shown a possibility that damaged podocytes partly constitute crescent forming cells with phenotypic changes visualized by positive staining with mAb OS-3, proposing a novel concept of crescent formation. That is, crescent may be partly composed of phenotypically changed cells, which could not be detected by typical markers for glomerular epithelial cells or monocytes/macrophages.