Central mechanisms involving in responses under stress : differences between spontaneously hypertensive rats and normotensive wistar kyoto rats.

在现代紧张的社会里，需要厘清高血压与压力的关系，为治疗高血压提供医疗手段，或为更好的生活解决压力。在高血压可能是由控制循环的中枢神经元异常引起的工作假设下，我们利用自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)和正常血压的Wistar京都大鼠(WKY)，积累了各种神经生理学结果。采用双重免疫反应(IR)方法，比较了SHR和WKY两个品系的压力敏感神经元的拓扑结构和含有谷氨酸(Glu)、谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)、酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、苯乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶(PNMT)和胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)的数量。在本实验中，孤束核、迷走神经背侧运动核和疑核的FosB/ChAT-IR神经元数目为si…。自发性高血压组比WKY组小得多。SHR大鼠延髓腹外侧部c-Fos/TH-IR神经元数量明显多于WKY大鼠。这些结果提示，SHR的DMX和AMB内压力敏感胆碱能神经元数量较少，导致SHR压力感受器-心脏迷走神经反射较弱，而SHR尾侧VLM内较多的压力敏感儿茶酚胺能神经元参与了SHR较强的压力感受器-加压素反射。在参考文献11中详细描述了这篇论文。另一方面，一种定位于血管壁、脂肪细胞和胃粘膜中的多肽“apelin”值得关注。Apelin 12是apelin多肽的一种衍生物，被发现具有降低血压的作用。SHR静脉注射apelin 12的降压幅度明显大于WKY。我们将研究apelin 12在高血压和应激中的生理作用的神经机制。较少

In the modern stressful society, it is required to clarify relationship between the hypertension and the stress to afford the medical method for caring the hypertension or to solve the stress for the better life. Under working hypothesis that the hypertension may be caused by the abnormality in the central neurons controlling circulation, we have investigated to accumulate various neurophysiological findings by using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY).Using the double-immunoreactive (IR) method, the topology and numbers of barosensitive neurons that contain glutamate (Glu), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) were compared between the two strains of SHR and WKY. In the test experiment, the numbers of FosB/ChAT-IR neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (DMX) and ambiguus nucleus (AMB) were si … More gnificantly smaller in SHR than in WKY. The numbers of c-Fos/TH-IR neurons in the caudal ventrolateral medulla (VLM) were significantly larger in SHR than in WKY. These results suggest that a smaller number of barosensitive cholinergic neurons in the DMX and AMB in SHR causes the weaker baroreceptor-cardiac vagal reflex in SHR, and that a larger number of barosensitive catecholaminergic neurons in the caudal VLM in SHR are involved in the stronger baroreceptor-vasopressin reflex in SHR. Details were described in the paper in #11 reference. On the other hand, a peptide "apelin" , which is localized in the vascular walls, adipocytes and gastric mucosa, is worthy of attention. Apelin 12, one of the apelin peptide derivatives was found to lower blood pressure. The decrease of blood pressure by intravenous injection of apelin 12 was significantly larger in SHR than in WKY. We are going to studying the neural mechanism of the physiological function of apelin 12 with regard to the hypertension and stress. Less