Parent-Infant Interaction and Physical load of Carrying Movement while Parents Carry Their Infants in Arms or Piggyback

本研究探讨了当今育儿方式的涵义，并试图阐明育儿方式的运动特点和父母在怀抱或背负婴儿时的体力负荷。研究表明：(1)用背包背婴儿似乎比用胳膊抱婴儿更有用，因为母亲们已经能够通过背负方式既照顾婴儿又做家务。(2)父亲有时用一只胳膊把婴儿放在胸前，或者在空闲时间不用背包。然而，当婴儿入睡或婴儿无法独立支撑时，父母必须用双臂牢牢地支撑婴儿或幼儿。(3)在用双臂抱婴儿的父母中，超过一半的父母以面对面的姿势抱着婴儿，其他的父母则表现为面对面姿势(38%)或面部…更多的背靠背姿势(4.6%)。(4)当使用婴儿假人(66 cm，7.5 kg)进行实验时，被试(女学生)倾向于将假人放在胸前，将双臂平行地绕在假人周围，以稳固地支撑它。当受试者将假人抱在胸前时，他们站在那里，身体略微向后倾斜。与空腹站立姿势相比，受试者的颈部屈曲增加，腰部屈曲角度基本相同。(5)当受试者持续站立3分钟时，超过一半的受试者改变了搬运方式。虽然一些受试者没有改变最初的携带方式，但几乎所有人都摇摆着，略微抬起假人，或者拍拍假人的背部或臀部。研究人员观察到受试者的腿很少动。而左、右胫骨前肌和腓肠肌的肌电记录则表现为持续和相互收缩。这似乎表明，抱宝宝风格的腿部的身体负荷比它的外表估计的要大得多。较少

This study discussed the meaning of baby-carrying style of nowadays and attempted to clarify the movement characteristics of carrying style and the physical load for parents while carrying their infants in their arms or piggyback. The study showed that : (1) To carry a baby on the back with a carrier seems to have been mare useful than to carry a baby in the arms because mothers have been able to engage in both baby-care and housework by employing the piggyback style.(2) Fathers sometimes carry their infants on their chest with one arm or carry them piggyback without using a carrier in their leisure time. However, parents have to use both their arms to support their babies or toddlers firmly when the infants fall asleep or the young infants cannot support their position by themselves.(3) Among the parents who carried their infants on their chest using both of their arms, more than half of them carried them in a face-to-face position, others showed a face-to-side position (38%) or face- … More to-back position (4.6%).(4) When an experiment was conducted using a baby-dummy (66cm, 7.5kg), subjects (female students) showed a tendency to carry the dummy on the chest placed their arms in a parallel pattern around the dummy to support it firmly. The subjects stood leaning backward slightly when they hold the dummy on the chest. Compared with the standing posture without carrying anything, the neck flexion increased but the lumbar flexion angle was almost the same.(5) When the subjects kept standing carrying the dummy three minutes, more than half of them changed the carrying style during the term. Although some of the subjects did not change their initial carrying style, almost all of them swayed, lifted up the dummy slightly or patted the back or the haunch of the dummy. The legs of the subjects were observed to rarely move. However, the record of the electromyograms of the right and the left tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius showed continuous and reciprocal contraction. This seems to indicate that the physical load of the baby-carrying style for the legs is considerably bigger than it is estimated by its appearance. Less