WTO体制下における国内産業保護政策に対する国際的法規制

世贸组织成立已经六年了，成员根据世贸组织协议积累了实践。世贸组织西雅图部长级会议在没有宣布新一轮贸易谈判开始的情况下暂停，这意味着会议以失败告终。据说，失败的原因是成员在议程上的分歧和发展中国家的怀疑。本研究的目的是通过进口限制措施来考虑WTO体制下的自由贸易原则，以保护国内产业。研究小组不仅包括国际经济法学者，还包括国际法学者，以便从更广泛的角度处理这一问题。本研究的结果概括如下：1)自19世纪自由贸易原则开始在实践中应用以来，保护国内产业的要求在wto体制下一直存在并得以维持。2)通过d…更多的发展中国家主张重建国际经济秩序，如“国际经济新秩序”。二战后，发展中国家开始参与国际市场经济。贸易自由化的需要在国家间经济关系中得到加强。3)保护国内产业的需要与贸易自由化的需要之间的矛盾与环境、竞争、劳工等其他领域的问题联系在一起，使问题更加复杂。4)世贸组织的争端解决机制迄今似乎运作良好。但是，在某些情况下，与其他领域的问题相联系，就会出现根本问题。5)必须重新考虑上述问题。4)将世贸组织争端解决机制视为有别于传统意义上的争端解决机制的国际控制。6)从维护国家主权和国家自由裁量权的角度出发，必须构建在世贸组织体系下处理其他领域问题的框架。较少

Six years has passed since the WTO was established, and Members accumulate practices under the WTO Agreements. The Seattle Ministerial Meeting of the WTO has suspended without declaring inauguration of the New Round of trade negotiations, it means the Meeting ended in failure. It is said that the reasons of this failure were disagreement between members on agenda and skepticism of developing countries.The object of this study is to consider the principles of liberal trade under the WTO system through import restriction measures for protection of domestic industries. The study group consists of not only scholars of international economic law, but also scholars of international law in order to approach the matter in broader perspective. The results of this research are summarized as follows.1) Since 19^<th> century when the free trade principles begun to be applied in practice, request to protect domestic industries was consistently existed and maintained under the WTO system.2) Though d … More eveloping countries claimed reconstruction of the international economic order such as "the New International Economic Order" after the WW II, developing countries are participated in the International Market Economy. The needs for liberalizing trade are strengthened in inter-states economic relations.3) The contradiction between needs for protection of domestic industries and needs for liberalization of trade is connected with the issues of other area such as environment, competition and labor, and it makes the problems more complicate.4) The Dispute Settlement System of the WTO seems well function so far. However, in some cases in which matters connected with problems of the other area, fundamental problems arise.5) It must be reconsidered the problems referred in 4), by seeing the WTO Dispute Settlement System as International Control distinguishing from dispute settlement system in traditional sense.6) From the view point of maintaining the sovereignty of state and discretion of state, we must construct the framework for treating problems of the other area under the WTO system. Less