KANSEI evaluation of wood and engineered wood from the viewpoint of visual sense and sense of smell

本文的目的是从视觉和嗅觉两个方面评价木材的感性信息。评价是从可取和不可取的观点进行的。在前者的情况下，用脑电(EEG)和情绪状态图(POMS)研究了有无针叶树气味时人体生理和心理反应的变化。此外，通过对这些气味的感官测试和层次分析，讨论了材料信息对气味评价的影响。在后者的情况下，讨论了减少胶合板甲醛释放的方法。为了降低胶合板的甲醛释放量，在胶合板中分别浸渍了尿素、苯酚、氨、儿茶素和单宁5种化学物质。这些化学处理的效果通过两个指标来阐明：甲醛浓度和这些顶空气体的感官测试评价值。主要研究结果如下：(1)在木材气味存在的情况下，神经疲劳和紧张感有下降的趋势。(2)有木材气味存在时，α波的脑电幅值频谱没有明显变化。(3)木材气味的评价随着视觉和/或材料信息的增加而增加。(4)木材的颜色和纹理的色调以及材料的名称对木材气味的评价都有影响。(5)尿素和氨气处理后，甲醛浓度和气味都比未处理的胶合板低得多。

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the KANSEI information of wood by the sense of visual and smell. The evaluation was carried out from desirable and not desirable viewpoints. In the case of former, the changes of physiological and psychological reactions of human were investigated using electroencephalogram (EEG) and profile of mood state (POMS) between in the presence and absence of coniferous wood odor. In addition, the effect of the material information on the odor evaluation was discussed by the sensory test of those odors and analytical hierarchy process. In the case of the latter, the method to reduce formaldehyde emitted from plywood was discussed. To reduce formaldehyde emission from plywood, five kinds of chemical substance : urea, phenol, ammonia, catechin and tannin, were impregnated in plywood, respectively. The effects of those chemical-treatments were clarified by two indexes ; formaldehyde concentrations and evaluated values of sensory test of those headspace gas. Obtained results were summarized as follows.(1) In the presence of wood odors, nervous fatigue and feeling of strain tended to decrease.(2) EEG magnitude spectra of the alpha wave was not changed significantly in the presence of wood odors.(3) The evaluation of the wood odors tended to increase with visual and/or material information.(4) It was suggested that not only tone of color and grain of wood but also material name affect on the evaluation of the wood odor.(5) By both urea and ammonia-treatment, formaldehyde concentration and odors from those plywoods were much lower than those of untreatment one.