Analysis of the Process from Cognition to Evaluation for Regional Landscape, based on the Personal Character of Appraiser

在对区域景观从认知到评价的过程中，假设了下一个模型。首先将景观作为一种视觉刺激来接受，然后识别其物理特征，最后根据个人特征（如偏好、价值体系等）对景观进行评价和判断。本研究的目的是澄清个人性格对过程的影响，并确认该模型的适当性。因此，考虑到研究生所在国社会文化背景的差异作为个人特征，利用河流和绿色景观的幻灯片进行了主体实验。在使用国内外河流景观幻灯片的实验中，实验对象是居住在英国、日本和中国的大学生。指出了心理评价的发展趋势和构建方法。比较了评价与物理特性之间的关系。结果表明，三国在实物评价和当事人评价项目上具有相似性，但在整体评价的倾向上存在差异。本实验以日本大学生和中国留学生为研究对象，对绿色景观进行眼动测量和心理评价。比较了日本人和中国人的眼注视特征，包括近、中、远部分各景观分量的各方向标准差和注视点数。结果证明如下。1)与日本学生相比，中国学生的注视点数量丰富，且集中在景观中心。2)先仔细观察近景和中景，逐渐观察远景。这样的景观认知过程是中国人和日本人共同的。

On the process from the cognition to the evaluation for the regional landscape, next model was assumed. First the landscape is received as a visual stimulation, and next, physical feature are recognized, and finally, the landscape is evaluated and judged based on the personal characters, such as preferences, value systems, etc. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of the personal character on the process and to confirm the appropriateness of this model. So, considered the difference of social cultural background by the graduate country as personal character, subject experiments using the slides of river and green landscapes were carried out.In the experiment using the slides of foreign and domestic river landscapes, the subjects were university students who lived in England, Japan and China. The tendencies and the construction of phychological evaluation were shown. The relation between the evaluation and physical characteristics was compared. According to these results, it is obtained that the factor of physical and party evaluation items are similar, but the tendency of holistic evaluation is different among the three countries.In the experiment, which measured the eye movement and required psychological evaluation for the green landscapes, the Japanese university students and Chinese students studying abroad were used as subjects.Eye fixation characteristics, such as the standard deviation of each direction and number of fixation points of the every landscape component of close-range, middle-range and distant part, were compared among Japanese and Chinese. The following was proven as the result.1)In case of the Chinese students, the number of fixation points is abounding, and it concentrates in the landscape center, compared with the Japanese students.2)First close-range view and middle-range view can be watched carefully, and distant view can be gradually watched. Such landscape cognitive process is in common for Chinese and Japanese.