Studies in the Language and style of Piers Plowman

本研究计划（1999-2001）是关于《皮尔斯·普洛曼》（B文本）的语言和风格的研究，目的是：（1）收集所有相关的书籍和文章;（2）收集和分析研究《皮尔斯·普洛曼》语言和风格的资料。本研究的主要结果如下：1.收集了大约200本关于Piers Plowman语言和风格的相关书籍和文章。其中，大部分的日语资料都被我收录在《日本英语研究百年：回顾与展望》（南云岛，2001年）一书中，并附有一些批评性的评论。在一篇文章中，（注和摘要[牛津]，第245卷）在Piers Plowman B.V.379中，shewynge一词在句法上是动词名词（后跟其对象shrift），而不是今天通常解释的现在分词或分词形容词（修饰性shrift）;因此，所讨论的行可能或多或少地字面上过渡为“This showing of（your）shrift may be a merit to you. 3.从历史的角度对PPl中的动词（分词、动名词、不定式）进行了详细的描述性研究，认为从历史的角度来看，PPl的语言是相当保守的，或者更具有日耳曼特征。

This research project (1999-2001) regarding the language and style of Piers Plowman (B-text) aimed : (1) to collect all relevant books and articles and (2) collect and analyze the data for studies in the language and style of Piers Plowman. The chief results of the study so far done are as follows:1. Collected some 200 relevant books and articles on the language and style of Piers Plowman. Out of these, most of the Japanese materials were recorded with some critical comments in my book One hundred Years of English Language Studies in Japan: Retrospects and Prospects (Nan'un-do, 2001).2. Argued in an article (Notes and Queries [Oxford], Vol. 245) that the word shewynge in Piers Plowman B.V.379 is syntactically a verbal noun (followed by its object shrift), not a present participle or participial adjective (modifying shrift) as is generally construed today; accordingly the line in question may be transited more or less literally as This showing of (your) shrift may be a merit to you.3. Made a detailed descriptive study of the verbals (participles, gerunds, infinitives) in PPl from a historical point of view and argued that his language was, historically speaking, rather conservative, or more of Germanic character.