Study on two-dimensional atomic-lattice in an optical potentail procduced by evanescent waves

光学近场激光光谱技术是一种新的控制和操纵原子运动和态的技术，特别是在二维空间，这是激光在自由空间传播所不能实现的。这是由于表示光场与物质的耦合模式的光学近场的性质。在本研究中，我们提出了一种在介质表面附近的倏逝波产生的光学势中产生二维激光冷却原子晶格的可能性，这为研究与广义腔量子电动力学研究相关的原子-场相互作用的新量子力学特征提供了一种有用的技术。为此，我们发展了近场激光光谱学的几种基本技术和近场光-原子相互作用的量子光学理论。在这项研究中，我们提出了利用交叉传播的伊凡斯对产生的局部旋转电场的可能性 ...更多信息 通过光抽运控制原子的自旋态。利用一套小介质探针近场光散射实验和本研究所研制的超高灵敏度偏振分析系统，首次从实验上证明了局部旋转光学近场的存在。作为在亚波长范围内观察冷原子自旋态的基本工具，我们发展了一种灵敏度为10 ~+离子计数水平的自旋选择性双光子电离光谱。我们已将此方案推广到电离显微镜中，并证明了它在显微镜和光谱学同时操作方面的潜力。作为理论背景，我们已经开发了一个新的框架的二次量子化的倏逝电磁场的基础上，在这项研究中引入的检测器模式。作为一个应用，我们作为一个广义腔量子电动力学的研究评估了任意阶原子多极子在介质表面附近的辐射特性。少

Optical near-field laser spectroscopy has a potential to bring novel techniques of controlling and manipulating atomic motion and states especially in two-dimension, which can not be achieved by propagating laser lignt in free space. This is due to the nature of optical near-fields representing coupled modes of optical fields with matter. In this research we propose a possibility to produce a two-dimensional lattice of laser-cooled atoms in an optical potential produced by evanescent waves near a dielectlic surface, which provides a useful technique to investigate novel quantum mechanical feature of atom-field interaction related to a generalized cavity quantum electrodynamics study. To this aim we have developed several basic techniques of near-field laser spectroscopy and quantum optical theory of photon-atom interaction in optical near-field. In this research, we have proposed a possibility of utilizing a locally rotating electric field produced by a cross-propagating pair of evanes … More -cent waves to a control of atomic spin states via optical pumping. The existence of the locally rotating optical near-field has been experimentally demonstrated for the.first time by using a set of near-field light scatttering experimets using small dielectric probes and an ultra-high sensitivity polarization analysing systme developed hi this research. As the basic tool of observing the spin-state of cold atoms in a subwavelength vicinity of dielectric surface we have developed a spin-selective resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy using evanescent waves with sensitivity oflO ion-counts level. We have extended this scheme into an ionization-microscope and demonstrated its potential to a simul-taneous operation for microscopy and spectroscopy. As a theoretical background we have developed a novel framework of second-quantization of evanescent electromagnetic fieldS based on the detector modes introduced in this research. As an application we have evaluated the radiation properties of excited atomic multipoles of arbitrary order near a dielectric surface as a generalized cavity quantum electrodynamics study. Less