Template Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbons with Regular Pore Structure

指出了多孔碳中介孔不仅在大分子吸附方面具有重要意义，而且在双电层电容器等新应用方面也具有重要意义。因此，设计和控制碳介孔率对于提高吸附性能和开发新的应用领域都是非常必要的。在生产MCM-41和FMS-16等介孔二氧化硅中，已经建立了一种精确控制介孔的技术，这些介孔二氧化硅含有六边形排列的一维孔，直径在1.5 ~ 10 nm之间可调。这些介孔二氧化硅材料是通过液晶模板机制制备的，有机表面活性剂分子自组装成六边形的棒状胶束，这些有机棒状胶束在二氧化硅网络结构形成过程中起模板作用。二氧化硅配合物在高温下的最终热处理将棒状胶束转化为一维p…More矿石。在本研究中，这种结构调控的有机表面活性剂胶束被用作模板，用于合成具有规则孔结构的介孔碳。以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和蔗糖分别作为有机表面活性剂和碳前驱体。当它们在适当条件下溶解于水中时，表面活性剂形成棒状胶束，形成六边形排列，从而使蔗糖分子移出胶束。然后加入一定量的硫酸，使蔗糖发生脱水反应而聚合。在200℃下进行热处理，进一步促进了聚合反应。通过这些工艺，我们可以得到胶束/蔗糖聚合物复合材料，其中胶束的六边形结构仍然保持不变。用x射线衍射仪实验证实了该复合材料的这种有序结构。如果将合成的复合材料在高温下进一步热处理以去除胶束，则可以通过类似于上述的模板机制形成具有规则孔隙结构的介孔碳。少

The importance of mesopores in porous carbons has been pointed out not only for giant molecule adsorption, but also for new application such as electric double layer capacitors. Thus, the design and control of carbon mesoporosity is very desirable both for the improvement of adsorption performance and for the development of new application fields. A precision technique for controlling mesopores was already established in the production of mesoporous silica such as MCM-41 and FMS-16, which contain hexagonally arranged one-dimensional pores of tunable diameter from 1.5 to 10 nm. These mesoporous silica materials were prepared through a liquid crystal templating mechanism where organic surfactant molecules are self-assembled into hexagonal arrangement of rod-like micelles and these organic rods function as a template during the formation of silica network structure. Final heat-treatment of the silica complexes at a high temperature converts the rod-like micelles into the one-dimensional p … More ores.In the present study, such structurally regulated micelles of organic surfactants have been utilized as a template in synthesizing mesoporous carbons with regular pore structure. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and sucrose were used as organic surfactant and carbon precursor, respectively. When they were dissolved in water under proper conditions, rod-like micelles were formed from the surfactant into hexagonal arrangement and sucrose molecules were moved outside the micelles as a result. Then, some amount of sulfuric acid was added, thereby polymerizing sucrose due to its dehydration reaction. The polymerization was further promoted by heat treatment at 200 C.Through these processes, we could obtain micelle/sucrose polymer composite, in which the hexagonal structure of the micelles still remained. Such ordered structure in this composite was experimentally confirmed with an X-ray diffractometer. It is expected that, if the resultant composite is further heat-treated at a high temperature to remove the micelles, mesoporous carbon with regular pore structure would be formed by a templating mechanism similar to that described above. Less