Expression and localization of non-collagenous proteins during healing process in tooth extraction socket or bone fracture wound

采用成年雄性小鼠，拔下第二磨牙，拔牙窝采用抗小鼠骨钙素抗体免疫组化、组织学、电镜和放射自显像检查。分别于拔牙后第1、2、3、4、5、6、7、10、14、21天进行观察，结果总结如下：愈合过程包括提取后3-5天的肉芽组织期、6-14天的骨形成期和提取后15-21天的愈合期。由成骨细胞形成的基质上沉积的矿物质，这些成骨细胞吸收了血凝块后在拔牙槽中增殖。拔牙4天后，牙槽中部形成的基质矿化。在牙周韧带保留的区域，在拔牙后5天或更晚观察到矿化。窝内新增殖的细胞对基质具有较高的合成能力，但未被骨钙素抗体标记。随着新骨基质形成及其矿化的进展，骨槽内阳性标记细胞数量增加。骨钙素的定位在新骨的边缘部分，在那里基质矿化低或不存在。这些结果表明，拔牙槽内新骨形成的过程包括血凝块的吸收、成骨细胞形成骨基质和骨基质矿化。牙周韧带残留的区域，新骨基质的形成和矿化较窝孔中心部分稍晚。人们认为骨钙素作为矿化的调节因子作用于这些愈合过程。

Adult male mice were used whose lower second molars were extracted and the extraction socket was examined immunohistochemically with anti-mouse osteocalcin antibody, histologically, electronmicroscopically, and autoradiographically. The observations were made at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after tooth extraction, and the summary of the results is as follows :1. The course of healing events consisted of a extraction, a granulation tissue phase of 3-5 days, a bone formation phase at 6-14 days and a healing phase at 15-21 days after extraction.2. Minerals deposited on the matrix formed by osteoblasts that proliferated in the tooth extraction socket after absorption of the blood clot.3. The matrix formed in the central portion of the socket mineralized 4 days after extraction. In the area with periodontal ligaments remaining, mineralization was observed 5 days after extraction or later.4. The newly proliferating cells in the socket showed high uptake of synthetic ability for the matrix, but were not labeled with osteocalcin antibody. With the progress of new bone matrix formation and its mineralization, the number of positively labeled cells increased in the socket.5. The localization of osteocalcin was observed in the marginal portion of the new bone where the mineralization of the matrix was low or absent.These results suggest that the process of new bone formation in the tooth extraction socket consists of absorption of the blood clot, formation of bone matrix by the osteoblasts and mineralization of the bone matrix. It is also suggested that in the area with periodontal ligaments remaining, the new bone matrix formation and its mineralization are a little delayed compared with those in the central portion of the socket. It is considered that osteocalcin acts on these healing processes as a regulation factor of mineralization.