Cell response of dogs' periodontal tissue by toothbrushing

本研究对不同牙刷刺激强度和频率下牙龈细胞的增殖活性和胶原合成进行了研究。胶原合成分析(1999)：利用与狗I型前胶原C肽反应的抗原，建立了检测牙龈成纤维细胞胶原合成的免疫组织化学分析。刷牙力的影响(2000)：用牙刷以100、200和250 gf的牙刷刺激牙龈20秒。刷牙频率的影响(2001)：第4周刷牙1次/12小时，第8周刷牙1次/24小时，第12周刷牙1次/48小时，成纤维细胞和增殖细胞核抗原阳性成纤维细胞数量增加。在实验过程中，对照组牙龈中的这些数字保持不变。第8周刷牙1次/12小时和24小时，I型前胶原阳性成纤维细胞数量增加。刷牙促进牙周成纤维细胞的增殖和胶原合成，而成纤维细胞在牙周结缔组织的维持和愈合中起关键作用。结论：刷牙频率越高，增殖细胞核抗原阳性的成纤维细胞和I型前胶原阳性成纤维细胞的数量越多，提示每天至少刷牙一次是保持牙龈成纤维细胞活跃的必要条件。这些结果表明，在牙周治疗中，刷牙的机械刺激比去除菌斑更有效。

This study was conducted the proliferative activity and collagen synthesis of gingival cells with different magnitude and frequency of toothbrush stimulation.Analysis of collagen synthesis (1999) : Immunohistochemical analysis to detect collagen synthesis by gingival fibroblast was established using the antigen that reacts with dog's procollagen type-I C-peptide.Effect of toothbrushing force (2000) : The gingival stimulation was applied with a toothbrush for 20 seconds at 100, 200 and 250 gf. The 200g of toothbrushing force exhibited the highest number of PCNA-positive basal cells, PCNA-positive fibroblasts and procollagen I-positive fibroblasts.Effect of toothbrushing frequency (2001) : The numbers of fibroblasts and PCNA-positive fibroblasts increased at the fourth week by the once/12 hours toothbrushing, at the eighth week by the once/24 hours brushing, and at twelfth week by the once/48 hours brushing. Those numbers in the control gingiva remained unchanged during the experiment. The number of procollagen I-positive fibroblasts increased at the eighth week by brushing once/12 and 24 hours.Proliferation and collagen synthesis of fibroblasts, which play a critical role in maintenance and wound healing of gingival connective tissue, were enhanced by toothbrushing. These results suggest that optimal mechanical stimulation by toothbrushing promote healing of gingival inflammation and maintain gingival health.In conclusion, more frequent brushing was associated with the increase of PCNA-positive fibroblasts and procollagen I-positive fibroblasts, suggesting that brushing at least once a day is necessary to keep gingival fibroblasts active. These results suggest that mechanical stimulation by toothbrushing is more effective than plaque removal in periodontal treatment.