SYSTEMS FOR THE SYMBIOSIS OF TOURIST INDUSTRY AND AGRICULTURE IN THE ALPS : AS COMPARED WITH THE CHUSANKAN AREAS (HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS) IN JAPAN

1.在法国阿尔卑斯山，旅游业过度发展，旅游业和农业的共生体系在很大程度上不复存在。1976年6月，在艾盖布兰奇盆地地区召开的会议上，建立了旅游业与农业共生的新体制。因此，该地区通过每年向1000万居民征税来处理资金：三分之一的资金用于维持当地的农业活动，其余的用于促进旅游业。旅游业和农业的共生系统的存在要归功于德国、奥地利和瑞士阿尔卑斯山的直接支付系统（直接支付给山区农民，直接支付给在生产方法中做出特殊环境努力的农民），那里的旅游业还没有过度发展。特别是，大草原的深绿色景观，这是农业和旅游业的有用资源，由于在Hindelang、Osttirol和Pay d'en Haut3对在其生产方法（粗放农业、粗放大草原）中作出特别环境努力的农民实行直接付款制度，因此得到了保护。由于这些系统，旅游业和农业的共生关系表现为乡村旅游活动的形式：保护和利用草原，农民在旅馆、商店和其他旅游设施中工作，乡村旅游和销售阿尔卑斯山的当地产品。

1. Systems for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture, for the most part, ceased to exist in the French Alps, where tourist industries developed excessively. But the new System for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture has been constituted by the convention of June 1976 in the Distict of the Basin of Aigueblanche.Consequently, the District dispose of the funds, which have been levied by an annual tax on les m^2 construits : one third of the funds been alloted to the sustenance of the local agricultural activity, the others to the animation of tourism.2. Systems for the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture owe their existence to the system of direct payments (direct payments for the farmers of mountainous districts, direct payments for the farmers making special environmental efforts in their production methods) in the German, Austrian and Swiss Alps, where the tourist industries haven't developed excessively. Especially, the deep green landscape of prairies, which is useful resources for both agriculture and tourism, has been preserved due to the system of direct payments for the farmers making special environmental efforts in their production methods (extensive agriculture, extensive prairies) in Hindelang, Osttirol and Pay d'en Haut.3. As a result of these systems, the symbiosis of tourist industry and agriculture has been taken the forms of rural tourism activities : the preservation and use of prairies, the jobs of farmers in hotels, stores and other tourist facilities, gites ruraux and the sales of local produces in the Alps.