Synthesis, Characterization and Functional Applications of Organic and Inorganic Hybrid Photonic Crystals

以周期性排列的纳米二氧化硅微球合成蛋白石为基础，研究了有机和无机杂化光子晶体的制备方法、光学性质和功能应用。将导电聚合物渗透到合成蛋白石中周期性排列的纳米级空隙中，然后通过去除聚合物渗透蛋白石中的SiO_2球制备导电聚合物反蛋白石。这些蛋白石和反蛋白石的透射和反射光谱中的阻带可以通过温度变化和电化学掺杂来控制。液晶渗透到蛋白石和聚合物反蛋白石中的止动带位置发生位移，这一位移也受温度和电场的控制。特别是在向列液晶渗透的聚合物反蛋白石中，可以观察到明显的不连续阈值和阻带位移的记忆效应。聚合物反蛋白石的阻带位置会因有机溶剂的渗透而发生位移，并且随着折射率的变化而发生的位移要比理论预测的大得多，这是由于聚合物基体凝胶化引起的周期性变化。在短螺旋距的染料掺杂铁电液晶中观察到光泵浦的激光作用，该作用来源于周期性螺旋结构中的光子效应。激光发射的偏振特性取决于宿主液晶的螺旋感，这清楚地表明螺旋结构在激光作用中起着重要作用。

Based on a synthetic opal consisting of periodically aligned nano-scale SiO_2 spheres, fabrication method, optical properties and functional application of organic and inorganic hybrid photonic crystal have been investigated.Conducting polymers have been infiltrated into periodically aligned nano-scale voids in synthetic opal and, subsequently, conducting polymer inverse opal has been fabricated by removing SiO_2 spheres from the polymer-infiltrated opal. The stop band in the transmission and reflection spectra of these opal and inverse opal can be controlled by means of temperature change and electrochemical doping. The infiltration of liquid crystl into opal and polymer inverse opal shifts a stop band location, which is also controlled by temperature and electric filed. Especially, a clear discontinuous threshold and memory effect of the stop band shift can be observed in the polymer inverse opal infiltrated with nematic liquid crystal. The stop band location of polymer inverse opal can be shifted by the infiltration of organic solvent, and the shift is much larger than that theoretically predicted as the refractive index change, which comes from a periodicity change due to a gelation of the polymer matrix. A laser action by an optical pumping has been observed in a dye-doped ferroelectric liquid crystal with a short helical pitch, which originates from the photonic effect in a periodic helical structure. The polarization characteristics of laser emission depends on the helical sense of the host liquid crystal, which clearly indicates that the helical structure plays an important role in the laser action.