Comparative History of the Theory of Imitation in the Classical Japanese Poetics and the Renaissance Poetics

文艺复兴时期的诗学在继承了西塞罗主义的修辞和韵律的基础上，将一种适用于新拉丁语和白话诗学的新的雄辩理论引入了意大利和法国的模仿理论。同样，日本古典诗学在有选择地借鉴中国诗学的基础上，形成了自己特有的白话文诗学，其中的模仿理论可以看作是一种类似文艺复兴时期诗学的翻译研究体系。对昴宿团诗学有影响的La Sapienza修辞学教授Marc-Antoine Muret在1572年的Oratio中开创了以折衷主义为基础的新西塞罗主义，批评了西塞罗学派提出的模仿理论。他的理论被应用于特伦特会议下的罗马耶稣会学院的修辞学，在佩德罗·胡安·佩皮纳的《多神教讲道》的序言中，奥拉兹奥·托塞利诺声称模仿基督教比模仿西塞罗尼亚更重要。穆列特在《献给维吉尔的Oratio》中，将模仿理论视为亚里士多德的模仿，追求以人性为基础的自然模仿，这是文学模仿的基础。1583年，在日本访问的耶稣会士瓦利尼亚诺（Valignano）在他的《日本之路》（Sumario de las cosas de Japon）一书中，对西塞罗（Cicero）和异教诗人的拉丁文教育进行了删节。这是将新西塞罗主义传播到日本的重要途径而新西塞罗主义是在特伦丁罗马的修辞学中发展起来的。穆列特和瓦利尼亚诺具有基督教修辞学的共同意识形态，“文学史”得以建立。日本和欧洲的关系鹤之木在《新诗选》中的修辞词“花与果的结合”（Ka-jitsu-soken，“duplex copy ia verborum ac rerum”）是一种模仿理论，是对中国六朝《国诗》情诗风格的反对。它应该与文艺复兴时期诗学中对彼得拉克主义的模仿理论并驾齐驱。少

Transferring the rhetoric and metrics of Ciceronianism, the Renaissance poetics introduced a new theory of eloquence applicable to the neo-Latin and vernacular poetics into the theory of imitaion (imitatio) in Italy and France. Similarly, the classical Japanese poetics, applying selectively the Chinese poetics, constituted its own proper vernacular poetics, in which the theory of imitaion can be viewed as a system of translatio studii analogous to the Renaisance poetics.Marc-Antoine Muret, professor of rhetoric at La Sapienza, who had an influence on the Pleiade poetics, inaugurated neo-Ciceronianism rested on eclecticism in his Oratio of 1572, criticizing the theory of imitation proposed by the Ciceronians. His theory was applied to the rhetoric at the Jesuit Collegio Romano under the Council of Trent, and the priority of imitatio Christi to imitatio ciceroniana was claimed in the Orazio Torsellino's preface to the Orationes duodeviginti of Pedro Juan Perpina. In his Oratio dedicated … More to Virgil, Muret pursued the imitatio Naturae based on the human nature, which was fundamental to the literary imitation, by treating the theory of imiation as mimesis referring to Aristotle.In his Sumario de las cosas de Japon in 1583, Valignano, Jesuit Visitor in Japan, would expurgate Cicero and pagan poets in the education of the Latin language. This was significantly the transmission to Japan of neo-Ciceronianism which was developed in the rhetoric at Tridentine Rome. Muret and Valignano shared the ideology of the Christian rhetoric, and the "History of Literature" could be established.in the relations between Japan and Europe.Ki no Tsurayuki's rhetorical term "a combination of Flowers and Fruit"(Ka-jitsu-soken, "duplex copia verborum ac rerum") in his Shinsen Waka (New Selection of Japanese Poetry) was the theory of imitation, which was against the Chinese Six Dynasties' style of love poems in the Kokinshu. It should be parallel to the theory of imitation over Petrarchism in the Renaissance poetics. Less