The Survey on the Working Condition of Rural Areas after the Bubble Economy

我们对伊纳区两个村的农业实际情况进行了调查。这是继1977年和1989年对同一地区进行调查后的第三次调查。本次调查的主题是了解农业管理和农民家庭的状况，包括他们是全职还是兼职农民，以及他们的社会保障状况如何。我们对三个时间点的调查进行了比较和分析，并能够阐明随时间的变化。农业的长期衰退这一基本趋势似乎没有太大变化。然而，我们在农民家庭中发现了一些细微的变化。这种新的变化是由于经济衰退和严重的失业。虽然农村劳动力市场曾经是一个封闭的市场，但似乎在农村劳动力市场上，一种“解体”已经开始。农村劳动力市场的“内封闭完井墙”正在松动。通过对农民家庭、农民劳动、农业经营等细节的研究，追溯了这一变化，确定了这一变化的意义和程度。劳动力市场上有两种劳动力流动：从农业部门到非农业部门和从非农业部门到农业部门。前者在很长一段时间内一直保持稳定的流量，但最近后者略有上升。我们可以说，从其他城市回流到农业区的人口相对较多。分析了新回流农区对农村经济社会发展、缓解严重的就业问题是否具有有效的促进作用。进一步验证了农区是否起到了失业“减震器”的作用。除此之外，我们还研究了两类农业新来者。一个是来自其他城市的前工人。另一种是住在该地区并通勤到工作地点的工人。我们还检查了有效性和

We investigated the actual conditions of the agriculture of two villages in Ina district. This was the third survey after researching the same area in 1977 and 1989. The subject of this survey was to find out what conditions farming management and farmers' families were, including whether or not they are full-time or side-job farmers and what conditions their social security was. We compared and analyzed surveys at three points in time and were able to clarify the changes over time.The basic trend, long-term decline in agriculture, seems to have had no big change. However, we found some minor and subtle changes in farmers' families. This new change is due to the economic slump and serious unemployment.It seems that in the rural labor market, a sort of " dissolution" has begun , though the rural labor market used to be a closed one. "Inner closed completion wall" in the rural labor market is coming loose. By researching the details of farmers' families ,their labor and the farming management, we traced the change and confirmed its meaning and degree of the change.There are two flows of work force in the labor market :from agricultural sector to non-agricultural sector and from non- agricultural sector to agricultural sector. The former has had a steady flow for a long time, but recently the latter has slightly taken off. We could say that there has relatively been a flow back to agricultural districts from other cities. We also analyzed whether the new flow back to agricultural district had a effective role boosting the rural economy and society, and easing serious nemployment. Furthermore , we verified whether the agricultural district played the role of "shock absorber" for unemployment. Beyond that, we researched two types of agricultural newcomers. One is ex-workers from other cities. The other is workers who have lived in the district and commute to the work place. We also checked the effectiveness and the