Comprehensive Basic Observational Research on the 2000 Eruption of Mt. Usu and Its Application for Mitigating Related Volcanic Disasters

在2000年火山爆发之际。日本北海道乌苏市根据实时研究数据和几十年来积累的知识及时提出科学建议，鼓励当地官员和人民及时成功地进行疏散。约15，000人被疏散，造成的经济和社会影响非常严重，中央政府在伊达市开设了地方应急中心。该科学计划的成员主要在临时预制观测站与广泛的学术领域的合作者一起努力工作，讨论日常日程和现场收获，并每天向Mt.日本火山爆发预测协调委员会乌苏小组委员会和地方紧急中心。我们的小组整合的基本知识被系统地传达给当局，以决定在风险易发地区取消疏散和任何困难的操作。对撤离人员的直接解释和建议 ...更多信息 主要的研究成果来自于震源的精确定位、其他观测成果，特别是来自于大气电波和GPS网络、各种大地测量、地电、地磁、地热、地球化学、地貌学、野外地质研究。火山活动和地下岩浆侵入过程的模拟、可能的泥石流及其缓解方案的建议是该小组关注的另一个主题。岩浆活动的终止被隆起区沉降和地震活动下降到背景水平的证据清楚地检测到。这一机制与1977-1982年发生的Mt. .由于地热现象持续时间较长，在少数火山口及其周边有限区域内发生的地热现象仍需警惕。我们小组的Usu和科学结果被他们的报告承认为火山国家的常识。少

On the occasion of 2000 eruption of Mt. Usu, Hokkaido, Japan, prompt scientific advises based on the real-time research data and accumulated knowledge over decades encouraged officials and people in the area for conducting successful evacuation in time. Ca. 15,000 people evacuated and resulted economical and social impacts were very serious at first and central government opened local emergency center in Date City.Members under this scientific program worked hard mostly based at temporary prefab observatory with collaborators over wide academic fields, discussing daily schedule and field gains, and submitting the basic knowledge daily to Mt. Usu Subcommittee of Coordinating Committee for Prediction of Volcanic Eruptions in Japan and Local Emergency Center. Basic knowledge integrated by our group was systematically communicated for the authority for the decision of evacuation cancellation and any difficult operations in risk-prone area. Direct explanation and recommendation to evacuees … More were another type of our academic tasks.Main part of the results came from precise hypocenter determination, other observational results especially from the networks of air wave and GPS, various geodetic, geoelectrical, geomagnetic, geothermal, geochemical, geomorphorogical, geological studies in the field. Modeling the course of volcanic activity and subsurface magma intrusion process, advises for possible mudflows and their mitigation scheme were another concerned subjects by the group.Termination of magmatic activity was clearly detected by the evidences of subsidence of the uplifted area and coincidental seismicity drop to background level. This mechanism was the same as that occurred 1977-1982 activity of Mt. Usu. Caution still need to the phenomena occurring at a few craters and surrounding limited area for the long-lasting geothermal phenomena.Two countries, New Zealand and French sent investigation team to Mt. Usu and scientific results by our group were acknowledged by their reports as a common sense of volcano country. Less