Soy isoflavone and other nutrient intake in relation to mortality from cancer and cardiovascular disease, and onset of menopause.

大豆异黄酮富含于豆制品中，具有显著的抗氧化、雌激素和酪氨酸激酶抑制活性。因此，大豆制品或异黄酮的摄入可以预防癌症和心血管疾病。此外，该物质的雌激素活性可能与女性更年期的开始有关。在高山研究的参与者中，研究了豆制品和大豆摄入量与随后癌症和心血管疾病死亡率之间的关系。1992年，在日本岐阜县高山市，共有13，355名男性和15，724名女性居民，年龄至少为35岁，无癌症、中风和缺血性心脏病，完成了一份自填问卷，包括人口统计学特征、吸烟和饮酒习惯、饮食、运动以及病史和生育史。饮食，包括大豆和鱼类的摄入量进行了评估，通过验证半定量的食物频率问卷。在男性中，豆制品总摄入量最高与最低五分位数的风险比分别为癌症死亡率0.89和心血管疾病死亡率0.85。在控制了年龄、总能量和其他生活方式变量后，女性的相应数字分别为0.79和0.90。大豆制品摄入量和绝经期开始之间的关系在进入Takayama研究的绝经前妇女中进行了评估。大豆摄入量与绝经期的开始无关。

Isoflavone, rich in soy products, have been reported to possess significant antioxidant, estrogenic and tyrosine kinase inhibitory activity. Therefore, soy product or isofllavone intake may prevent against cancer and cardiovascular disease. In addition, the estrogenicity of this substances may be related to the onset of menopause of women. The relationship between soy product and isoflavone intake to subsequent mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases was examined in participants in Takayama study. In 1992, a total of 13,355 male and 15,724 female residents in Takayama, Gifu, Japan, aged at least 35 years who were free of cancer, stroke, and ischemic heart disease completed a self-administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics, smoking and drinking habits, diet, exercise, and medical and reproductive histories. Diet including soy and fish intake was assessed by a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. In men, hazard ratios of the highest compared to the lowest quintile of total soy product intake were 0.89 for cancer mortality and 0.85 for cardiovascular disease mortality. Corresponding figures for women were 0.79 and 0.90, respectively, after controlling for age, total energy and other lifestyle variables. The relationship between soy product intake and the onset of menopause was assessed in women who were premenopausal at the entry into the Takayama study. Soy intake was not associated with the onset of menopause.