Differences in predictors relevant to lifestyle characteristics and medical examination findings between disability and mortality in community-dwelling elderly persons

本研究考察了与老年人残疾和死亡率之间的生活方式特征和医学检查结果相关的预测因素的差异。数据来自一项对居住在高知县大月市且基线时无身体残疾的65岁及以上老年人的老龄化纵向研究（N=1,054）。在基线和随访时间点，通过对日常生活六项体力活动（进食、如厕、洗澡、穿衣、梳洗和行走）的自我报告来评估身体残疾水平。在基线问卷调查中检查的生活方式特征包括五种健康习惯（吸烟、饮酒、睡眠时间、排便习惯和体育活动）和五种社会网络元素的可用性（生活安排、与儿童的接触、与近亲的接触、与亲密朋友的接触以及参加团体组织）。644人根据《老年人保健服务法》基线接受了基本健康检查，获得了医疗检查结果。个体危险因素与多分结局（身体独立、身体依赖、死亡）的关联通过拟合多分逻辑回归进行检验。问卷调查中评估的排便习惯仅与残疾有关：年龄和性别调整后的排便习惯不规律的受试者相对于习惯正常的受试者的优势比，残疾的优势比为1.8(95%可信区间：1.0-3.2)，死亡率的优势比为1.3（95%可信区间：0.8-2.1）。对于医学检查结果，体重指数仅与残疾有关：年龄和性别调整后的体重指数低于或高于最佳范围的受试者与处于最佳范围的受试者的比值比为残疾3.1(95%置信区间：1.3-7.5)，死亡率1.1（95%置信区间：0.7-1.9）。与残疾有关的因素不一定是死亡率的预测因素。它们应该相互区分。少

This study examined differences in predictors relevant to lifestyle characteristics and medical examination findings between disability and mortality in an elderly population. Data derived from a longitudinal study of aging for persons aged 65 and older who lived in Ohtsuki, Kochi prefecture and who had no physical disability at baseline(N=1,054). Levels of physical disability were assessed by self-reports on six items of physical activities of daily living (eating, toileting, bathing, dressing, grooming, and walking) at both the baseline and the follow-up time points. Lifestyle characteristics examined at the baseline questionnaire survey included five health practices (smoking, drinking, sleeping hours, bowel habit, and physical activity) and availability of five social network elements (living arrangements, contact with children, contact with close relatives, contact with close friends, and attendance at group organizations). Medical examination findings were obtained for 644 person … More s who had the basic health examination under the Health Services for the Elderly Act at baseline. Associations of individual risk factors with a polychotomous outcome (physically independent vs physically dependent vs dead) were examined by fitting a polytomous logistic regression. Bowel habit assessed in the questionnaire survey was associated with disability only : age and gender adjusted odds ratios for subjects with irregular bowel habits relative to those with regular habits were 1.8 (95 % confidence interval : 1.0-3.2) for disability and 1.3 (95 % confidence interval : 0.8-2.1) for mortality.For the medical examination findings, body mass index was related to disability only : age and gender adjusted odds ratios for subjects with body mass index below or over the optimum range relative to those in the optimum range was 3.1 (95 % confidence interval : 1.3-7.5) for disability and 1.1 (95 % confidence interval : 0.7-1.9) for mortality. Factors associated with disability were not necessarily predictors of mortality. They should be differentiated from each other. Less