A study in the strategy for motor control of human masticatory system - about the participation of anticipation -

5名老年人(平均年龄72岁)、3名老年无牙义齿患者(65名)、9名有牙青少年(25名)、9名有牙青少年(24名)在随机间隔的声学信号串的作用下及时进行拍颌动作，其中1.3 Hz间隔出现的频率最高。双重任务组被指示在进行下巴敲击的同时记住监视器屏幕上的单词。我们观察了咬肌肌电(Mm)、下颌运动图和多余敲击时的声学信号的一些参数。1.双任务组的剩余敲击频率与1.3赫兹重复次数无关，1.3赫兹×2的重复间隔后，剩余敲击的发生率非常低。2.1.3 Hzx2间隔后的剩余抽头出现在距前一信号1.3 Hzx2的间隔，并在大约1.3 Hzx2间隔之后开始出现。3.从前一信号开始的1.3 HZ间隔的预期信号与剩余分带的mm脉冲串开始之间的时间滞后：在1.3 HZ间隔之后的剩余抽头处，这些平均时间较小。(我们推测毫米脉冲串的开始时间在信号确认之前。)这些平均值在1.3赫兹×2间隔后的剩余抽头处较大。4.1.3 HZ重复次数越多，除双任务组外，差异越大。5.老年组剩余割胶较完整，青年组剩余割胶较不完全。6.可以概括为：在双任务组中，第二个任务不是分心任务，而是唤醒任务。受试者记住出现频率最高的间隔，多余的敲击出现在这些间隔上。这些都表明了人们对预期的依赖程度。

Five elderly dentulous people (mean age 72), three elderly edentulous people with dentures (65), nine dentulous young adults (25), nine dentulous young adults instructed dual-task (24), performed jaw-tapping movements in time to an acoustic signal train with random intervals, that 1.3 Hz interval appears the most frequently. The dual-task group was instructed to memorize words on the monitor screen while performing jaw tapping. We observed some parameters among Masseteric muscle EMG (Mm), Mandibular Kinegiogram, and acoustic signal on surplus tappings. 1. Incidences of surplus tapping in the dual-task group have no relation to numbers of 1.3 Hz repetition and were very low after intervals of 1.3 Hz x 2. Gape in dual-task group is small. 2. The surplus tapping after the interval of 1.3 Hz x 2 appear at intervals of 1.3 Hz from the preceding signal, and began to appear after some 1.3 Hz x 2 intervals. 3. The time lags between the expected signal at intervals of 1.3 HZ from the preceding signal and Mm burst onset of the surplus taping: Those average is smaller at the surplus tapping after 1.3 Hz intervals. (We guess that onset of Mm burst is before the confirmation of signal.) Those average is larger at the surplus tapping after 1.3 Hz x 2 intervals. (We guess that Mm burst onset in both elderly group begin after confirmation of signal.) 4. The more numbers of 1.3 HZ repetition is, the larger gape is except dual-task group. 5. The elderly group have more complete surplus tapping and the young group more incomplete surplus tapping. 6. It can be summarized as follows: In the dual-task group, the second task is not a distracted attention task but an arousal task. Subjects remember intervals that appear the most frequently, the surplus tapping appear at those intervals. And these show the degree of dependence on anticipation.