ANTIBIOTICS CIRCURATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACCUMURATION IN SEMIENCLOSED SEA

测定了渔场海水和底泥中2种抗生素（ABPC和OTC）的浓度。另外4种抗生素（甲氧苄啶（TMP）、磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）、诺氟沙星（NFXC）、草酸（OXLA））分别从越南红树林养殖对虾池的水和底泥中提取并测定其浓度。测定了抗生素在紫外照射下的降解速率及其在浮游生物中的吸收和积累。1)水中AMP和OTC浓度波动幅度分别为0.56 ~ 1.4ppb和0.25 ~ 4.9ppb。2)养鱼区底泥中AMP和OTC的浓度分别波动在15 ~ 25ug/1g干泥和0.15 ~ 0.35ug/1g干泥之间。乌拉内湾10cm泥浆深度累积的AMP和OTC分别为8吨和80公斤。3)抗生素在紫外线下降解。它的浓度C(t)用指数函数表示，如C(t)=C_iexp(-α t)，其中t为时间，α受初始浓度的影响。低浓度的OTC易降解，但在超过lOmM的高浓度条件下难以降解，尤其是amp。4)浮游生物在含OTC的1/2 F培养基中生长，OTC浓度越高，浮游生物的生长速度越快，OTC向浮游细胞的积累速度越快。5)越南对虾池水TMP浓度地面水0.3 ~ 1.1ppm，底水0.3 ~ 2.1ppm， SMX最大值为1.8 ~ 5.6ppm， NFXC最大值为1 ~ 4ppm， OXLA最大值为0.5 ~ 1.8ppm。6)越南对虾池底湿泥中TMP含量为0.02 ~ 0.13mg， SMX含量为0.01 ~ 0.08mg， NFXC含量为0.1 ~ 2.6mg， OXLA含量为0.1mg。抗菌素在水中的含量非常高，在虾池底泥中有大量的积累。7)低降解抗生素在海水中含量高，并在底泥中积累。抗生素刺激了浮游生物的生长，抗生素在浮游生物体内积累。在这些被抗生素污染的环境中出现了耐药菌，虾类疾病如WSSV（白斑综合征虾病毒）、YHSV（黄头虾病毒）和TSSV（牛磺酸综合征病毒）每年都有爆发。少

The concentrations of two kinds of antibiotics (ABPC and OTC) in seawater and bottom mud were measured in the fisheries ground. Other four kinds of antibiotics (trimethoprim (TMP), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), norfoxacin (NFXC), oxolinic acid (OXLA)) were extracted from water and bottom mud in Vietnam shrimp rearing ponds developed in the mangrove area and their concentrations were measured. The degradation rate of antibiotics under UV and its absorption and accumulation in plankton were also measured.1) AMP and OTC concentration in water were fluctuated 0.56-1.4ppb and 0.25-4.9ppb, respectively.2) AMP and OTC concentration in bottom mud in fish culture area were fluctuated 15-25ug/1g dry mud and 0.15-0.35ug/1g dry mud, respectively. Accumulated AMP and OTC in 10cm mud depth in Uranouchi Bay were 8ton and 80kg, respectively.3) Antibiotics were degraded under UV. Its concentration C(t) was indicated by exponential function like as C(t)=C_iexp(-α t), where t is time, α is effected by initial … More concentration, C_i. Low concentration OTC is easy to be degraded, but difficult in high concentration of over lOmM, particularly AMP.4) Plankton grew in the 1/2 F medium with OTC, the higher the OTC concentration, the higher the growth rate of plankton and accumulation rate of OTC into plankton cells.5) Concentration of TMP in Vietnam shrimp pond water was 0.3〜1.1ppm in the surface water, 0.3〜2.1ppm in bottom water, Maximum SMX was 1.8〜5.6ppm, maximum NFXC was 1〜4ppm, OXLA was 0.5〜1.8ppm.6) TMP was accumulated at 0.02〜0.13mg, SMX was 0.01〜0.08mg, NFXC Was 0.1〜2.6mg, OXLA was 0.1mg in bottom wet mud of 1g in Vietnam shrimp pond. Antibiotics were terrible highly contained in water and accumulated in bottom mud of shrimp pond.7) Low degradation antibiotics were contained highly in the seawater and accumulated in the bottom mud. Antibiotics stimulated the growth of plankton, and antibiotics were accumulated in plankton. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria appear in these antibiotic contaminated environments, and shrimp diseases such as WSSV (White spot syndrome shrimp virus), YHSV (Yellow head shrimp virus) and TSSV (Taurin syndrome virus) breakout every year. Less