Field Research on Japanese Local Festivals and Nation-State

该项目有两个方面：历时上，以明治维新/第二次世界大战/60年代为重点，共时上，以城市/农村/孤岛民俗传统为重点。2001年和2002年，对日本对马岛进行了实地考察、相关文献研究和一般图书研究，实地考察地点分别为东海岸的一个小渔村（2001年）和最南端的一个农渔村（2002年）。至于后者（Tsutsu），由于人口减少和年轻一代的冷漠，传统的仪式称为Akagome-no-shinji（红米的季节性仪式）几乎消失。虽然这种民间传统在全国范围内都很有名，但它并不适合作为旅游业的一种方式，这将给人们带来持久的动力。根据《文化财产保护法》，To-nakama（仪式的特权村民）目前正在与Monka-sho进行谈判。然而，问题不仅在于补贴，还在于改变社会条件和传统仪式的文化动机。通过本项目，我们对九州地区一个孤岛的历史和结构状况进行了研究，并将其与城市和农村遗址的研究进行了比较。

The project has two aspects: diachronically, with focus on Meiji Restoration/The Second World War/the 60's, synchronically with focus on urban/rural/isolated islands folk tradition. In 2001 and 2002, (1) field research in Tsushima island, (2) related document research, and (3) general book research were done.Field site was a small fishing village in the east coast (2001) and a farming and fishing village in the southernmost tip (2002). As for the latter (Tsutsu), the traditional rites called Akagome-no-shinji (seasonal rites of Red Rice) is almost vanishing because of the decrease of population and of the indifference of the younger generations. Though nationally well-known, this folk tradition is not apt to such a way as tourism, which will give lasting motivations. To-nakama (privileged village members for the rites) is now negotiating with Monka-sho under the Cultural Properties Protection Law. The point is, however, not only the subsidy, but also the changing social conditions and cultural motivations for the traditional rites.Through this project, we had examined historical and structural situations of an isolated island in Kyushu Area, which will be compared with the research already done in urban and rural sites.