Interface between Child-Rearing Behaviors of Mothers and Social Support in Community

本研究旨在调查母亲在养育子女的早期生活中获得社会服务或资源的情况。宫城县台洼镇（人口24000人）一直集中在这项研究中，并通过对居住在那里的母亲进行问卷调查获得数据。(1)在养育子女的前5年，母亲的消极情绪和行为在养育子女的第2年之后有所增加，同时积极情绪有所下降，但积极水平保持在较高水平。研究表明，这些年来，母亲们一直需要一些支持。该镇的育儿资源既没有得到充分认识，也没有得到充分利用。让母亲们知道城里有什么资源以及如何获得这些资源是很重要的。3)为了检查母亲如何使用个人方案，我们重点关注“科索沃-苏丹”，该方案适用于任何有婴儿的人。母亲们可以向工作人员咨询任何她们担心的事情，或者彼此自由交谈。结果显示，与不使用电子烟的人相比，使用电子烟的人可能“在镇上住的时间不长”、“第一个孩子年纪更小”、“得到的支持更少”、“觉得自己的孩子更难相处”。关于他们使用的方式，有两个因素确定为“获得信息或建议”和“宾至如归”。两者都与他们被支持的感觉有关。此外，这种感觉使他们在参与后与他们的丈夫，祖父母或朋友交流。虽然据评价，“科索沃-苏丹”总体上运作良好，但需要在不久的将来解决参加该方案的一些困难。

This study was to examined the accessibility to the social services or resources for mothers during the early life of child-raring. Taiwa Town, Miyagi (population 24,000) was consistently focused in this, study, and data were obtained through questionnaires given to mothers who lived there. 1) During the first five years of child-raring life, negative feelings and behaviors of mother increased after the second year of rearing life, and the positive feelings decreased at the same time, though the positive level kept rather high. It suggests that mothers constantly need some support during these years. 2) Child-raring resources in the town were neither fully recognized nor made most use of. It is important to let mothers know what resources are there in town and how they are available. 3) For the purpose of examining how the individual program is used by Mothers, we focused on "Kosodate-Soudan which is available for anyone who has an infant. Mothers can consult staff anything they worry about or talk freely with each other. Results suggested that users were likely "to live not so long in town", "to have the first child who is younger", "to have less support", and "to feel her child more difficult" than un-users were. Concerning with the way they used, two factors identified "To get the informat ion or advice" and "To feel at home". Both were related to their feeling of being supported. Furthermore this kind of feeling made them communicative to their husband, grandparents or friends after participation. Although it was evaluated that "Kosodate-Soudan" has been generally well-functioned, some difficulties of access to the program need to be solved in the near future.