Dynamics of 1st order phase transition in cosmic environment and electroweak baryogenesis

关于早期宇宙的研究已经有了许多报道，它们可能为微观物理学（基本粒子）和宏观物理学（宇宙）之间的联系提供了一个关键的桥梁，一个新的范式和新的学术领域，通常被称为粒子宇宙学，正在迅速形成。本研究人员从它的早期发展开始就参与其中，并确实提出了它的第一个重要的重子发生理论，从那时起就一直在这个有趣的研究领域工作。粒子宇宙学的范围已经扩大，它现在包括暗物质的起源和暴胀宇宙场景，并正在澄清早期宇宙的许多基本问题。在这种情况下，本研究项目试图构建一个迄今为止被认为过于困难的电弱重子发生的新场景。我们的基本策略是深入了解电弱对称性破缺的一阶相变。从量子力学的第一原理出发，我们成功地用费曼和弗农的实时形式描述了一阶相变如何进行。更具体地说，我们建立了一个模拟早期宇宙的一维势垒浸入热环境的模型系统，并发现了隧道的增强机制。这种增强背后的基本物理是能量从环境流入量子系统，我们相信通过这种方式，研究电弱重子作用的基础已经澄清。

There have been many reports on investigation of the early universe that may provide a key bridge between microphysics (elementary particle) and macrophysice (universe) and a new paradigm and a new academic field often called particle cosmology is rapidly in the process of formation. The present researcher has beeninvolved in this development since its early rise, and indeed proposed its first crucial theory of baryogenesis and since then has been working in this interesting field of research. The scope of particle cosmology has enlarged and it now includes the origin of the dark matter and inflationary universe scenario, and is clarifying many fundamental problems of the early universe.Under this circumstance this reserch project has attempted to construct a new scenario of electroweak baryogenesis so far considered too difficult. Our basic strategy is to gain a deep insight of the first order phase transition of the electroweak symmetry breaking. Starting from the first principles of quantum mechanics we succeeded in describing in the real-time formalism of Feynman and Vernon how the first order phase transition may proceed. More specifically, we took a model system of 1 dimensional potential barrier immersed in a thermal environment which mimics the early universe, and discovered an enhancement mechanism of tunneling. The basic physics behind this enhancement is an energy inflow to the quantum system from environment This way we believe that the basis of investigating electroweak baryogensis has been clarified.