Satellite hot spot monitoring of active volcanoes : a AVHRRR-based system

我们开发了对日本和亚洲邻近地理区域的活火山进行近实时热点监测的系统。该系统使用安装在NOAA系列极地轨道卫星上的AVHRR传感器每天夜间的红外图像，AVHRR数据每晚与东京下行一次或多次。AVHRR观测的结果和分析，基本上是每个目标火山的热图像和时间序列辐射趋势，都会自动上载到Web上。目前，这种情况发生在卫星立交桥后的几个小时内，尽管未来可能会加快。通过这种方式，计划火山学家和其他有关方面可以使用AVHRR数据作为对他们正在研究的火山表面热状态的广泛检查，并可以将他们自己的解释应用于任何已确定的加热或冷却趋势。基于AVHRR的原型系统的网址是：http://vrsserv.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/REALVOLC/[http://vrsserv.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/REALVOLC/]，我们设想未来将在目前目标的五座日本火山基础上扩建。最终，除了更多的日本火山外，该系统还将扩大到包括菲律宾北部、千岛群岛和堪察加半岛的火山，以及印度尼西亚西部的火山，利用泰国AVHRR接收站传输的数据。

We have developed near real-time hot spot monitoring system for active volcanoes in Japan and adjacent geographic regions in Asia. The system uses daily nighttime infrared imagery from the AVHRR sensor mounted onboard the NOAA series of polar orbiting satellites, AVHRR data being down-linked to Tokyo one or more times every night. The results and analyzes of the AVHRR observations, essentially thermal images and time-series radiance trends of each volcano targeted, are automatically uploaded on the Web. Currently this occurs within some hours of the satellite overpass, though this could be quickened in future. In this way it is planned that volcanologists and other interested parties might use the AVHRR data as a broad check on the surface thermal state of the volcanoes they are studying and may apply their own interpretations to any identified heating or cooling trend. The web site for the prototype AVHRR based system is accessible at the URL: http://vrsserv.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ REALVOLC/ [http://vrsserv.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/REALVOLC/] and we envisage future expansion from the five Japanese volcanoes currently targeted. Ultimately, in addition to further Japanese volcanoes, the system will be expanded to include those in the northern Philippines, the Kuril Islands and the Kamchatka peninsula, along with volcanoes in Western Indonesia using data transferred from the Thailand AVHRR receiving station.