Development of New Carbons Using Liquid Phase Chemical Treatment and Their Properties

液相化学处理已被用作有机化合物碳生产过程的一部分，目的是控制碳的孔隙结构。采用强有机碱对聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）进行了处理，并采用了高温热处理和可选的二氧化碳气体活化处理。通过改变化学处理的程度，可以成功地获得各种孔径和体积的碳。经微处理的PVDF可制得孔径较小的碳。而经过深度处理的聚偏氟乙烯可以得到孔径小、体积小的碳。活性炭的孔径与活化前活性炭的孔径有较强的相关性，经轻度处理的PVDF得到介孔活性炭。对于孔径为4 ~ 10 nm的活性炭，氮气吸附测得的孔体积为1.6 cm^3g^<-1>， BET表面积为2500 m^3g<-1>，每1g活性炭从液相中吸附亚甲基蓝的量为0.54g。结果表明，在本方法中，孔隙是由地层产生的。通过化学处理，研究了不同区域的非均质结构的热分解行为和热分解时的体积损失。为了控制碳的孔隙结构，提出了另一种使用聚合物共混的方法，但严格限制了适用于该方法的起始聚合物。由于本研究清楚地表明，碳的孔隙结构可以通过利用源于晶体线和聚合物非晶态区域的结构的不均匀性来控制，因此控制孔隙结构的聚合物的选择范围已经扩大。

A liquid phase chemical treatment has been used as a part of the production process of carbons from organi compounds aiming at controlling the pore structure of the carbons. Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) has bee treated with a strong organic base, and a high-temperature heat treatment and an optional activation treatment using carbon dioxide gas have been applied. Carbons with wide variety of pore size and volume could b successfully obtained by changing the degree of the chemical treatment. From slightly treated PVDF, carbon with lame pore size were obtained. While from intensively treated PVDF, carbons with small pore size an volume were obtained. The pore size in the activated carbon had strong correlation with that in the carbo before activation, and the mesoporous activated carbons were obtained from slightly treated PVDF. For the activated carbon containing the pores with diameters 4-10 nm, the pore volume measured with nitrogen ga adsorption was 1.6 cm^3g^<-1>, BET surface area 2500 m^3g<-1> and methylene blue adsorption from the liquid phas 0.54g, respectively, per l g of the activated carbon. It was made clear that in the present method, the pores ar produced due to the formation. With the chemical treatment, of the inhomogeneous structure in which the thermal decomposition behavior and the volume loss at thermal decomposition vary between regions. For controlling the pore structure of the carbon, another method using polymer blend has been proposed, while the starting polymer suitable for the method has been strictly limited. Since it was made clear with the present study that the pore structure of the carbon can be controlled by utilizing the inhomogeneity of the structure originating form the crystal line and the amorphous regions of the polymer, the range of the choice of the polymers for controlling th pore structure has been enlarged.