Application of tissue engineering to inorganic material processing and creation of panoscopic functional materials

本研究尝试将组织工程中的靶材料在预先制备的支架上生长的技术应用于无机材料的加工。使用该技术研究了在所有长度尺度上具有受控结构的全景材料的制备。在水溶液加工过程中，有机骨架自发地控制着纳米复合材料的宏观形貌、介观排列和微观晶相及形状。该项目的成果分为三个阶段。(1)研究了低温水溶液中功能氧化物（如二氧化钛和氧化锌）在有机骨架上的晶体生长条件，包括pH值、浓度和温度。控制可溶性物质的化学势对于直接制备晶相是必不可少的。(2)研究了共存物种对晶体形貌的影响。特定阴离子的存在诱导生长单元的小型化和独特的结构，如纳米片，自相似结构和螺旋形式的产生。(3)发现有机纤维、聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶和表面活性剂泡沫可用作无机材料沉积的框架。结合（1）、（2）和（3）的结果，导致由受控的宏观形态、亚基的介观排列和微观晶相和形状组成的全观材料的制备。

In this research project, the growth technique of target materials on previously prepared frameworks in tissue engineering was tried to apply to inorganic material processing. Preparation of panoscopic materials having controlled structures in all length scales were investigated using the technique. Macroscopic morphology, mesoscopic arrangement and microscopic crystal phase and shapes were spontaneously controlled with organic framework in the aqueous processing. The results of this project were classified into three phases. (1) Preparation conditions including pH, concentrations and temperature were found for crystal growth of functional oxides, such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide, on organic frameworks in aqueous solutions at low temperature. Control of the chemical potential of the soluble species was essential for the direct preparation of crystalline phases. (2) Influence of co-existing species on the morphology of crystals was investigated. The presence of specific anions induced miniaturization of growth units and unique architectures, such as nanosheets, self-similar structures and helical forms were produced. (3) Organic fibers, hydrogel of polyacrylamide and surfactant foams were found to be useful as a framework for deposition of inorganic materials. The combination of the results of (1), (2) and (3) led the preparation of panoscopic materials consisting of controlled macroscopic morphology, mesoscopic arrangement of subunits and microscopic crystalline phase and shapes..