A fundamental research for genetic transformation via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous species

为探讨微原生质体融合技术在百合科观赏植物遗传改良中的应用，对百合科观赏植物愈伤组织和悬浮细胞培养体系的建立、原生质体培养体系的建立和微原生质体分离体系的建立进行了研究。2）利用已建立的愈伤组织培养体系，建立了玉簪原生质体培养体系。早熟禾属orientalis和M.杏3）建立了从大花萱草（Hemerocallis hybrida）部分同步化悬浮培养物（体细胞微原生质体）和从百合（Lilium longiflorum）小孢子（配子体微原生质体）中分离微原生质体的两种不同体系。与体细胞微原生质体系统相比，配子体系统在百合科观赏植物中更具有实用性，本研究建立的配子体系统为百合科观赏植物通过微原生质体融合转移一条或几条染色体奠定了基础。通过微原生质体融合产生的染色体附加系，可能有助于这些植物的染色体研究以及遗传改良。

Toward the application of microprotoplast fusion to genetic improvement of Liliaceous ornamental plants, 1)establishment of regenerable callus or cell suspension cultures, 2)development of protoplast culture systems, and 3)development of systems for isolating microprotoplasts, were examined.1)Highly regenerable callus cultures were established in Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis and Muscari armeniacum, and highly regenerable cell suspension cultures were established in Hosta sieboldiana.2)By utilizing callus cultures established, protoplast culture systems were developed in A. praecox ssp. orientalis and M. armeniacum. However, further studies are necessary to improve the efficiencies of callus formation from protoplasts and plant regeneration from protoplast-derived calluses.3)Two different systems for isolating microprotoplasts, one from partially synchronized cell suspension cultures of Hemerocallis hybrida(somatic microprotoplasts) and the other from developing microspores of Lilium longiflorum(gametic microprotoplasts) were developed. As compared with the somatic microprotoplast system, the gametic system seems to be more practical in Liliaceous ornamental plants.The systems developed in the present study may pave the way for the transfer of one or a few chromosomes via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous ornamental plants. Chromosome addition lines produced via microprotoplast fusion may contribute to chromosome studies as well as genetic improvement in these plants.