Study of Organic Livestock Agri-food System Comparison between Japan and EU

自20世纪90年代初S以来，有机食品的形势发生了重大变化。有机农业作为一种草根运动得到了实践，随着许多消费者寻求安全产品和农业与环境的和谐，全球有机市场正在形成。特别是BSE(牛海绵状脑病)的爆发加速了有机市场的扩张。由于有机市场的这种扩张，原本对有机食品没有兴趣的食品行业现在将有机部门定义为。在有机畜牧业方面，尽管全球在制定标准方面取得了进展，但日本国内的讨论并不激烈。关于制定有机畜牧业食典准则，尽管其内容对改变…有重要影响S在整个有机农业标准中的反应，到目前为止仅限于在日本农业标准法框架内对日本农业标准(JAS)的部分修订。它未能像在欧盟开展的那样，在公民层面进行详尽的讨论。在日本目前畜禽饲料自给率仍然很低的情况下，很难实现在一个地区内推广循环体系的有机畜牧业，而且由于进口饲料中很大一部分是转基因生物(GMO)，有机畜牧业标准的制定本身受到了质疑。这些因素共同导致了人们对有机畜牧业的兴趣有限。然而，自疯牛病暴发以来，就其原因的调查，畜产品安全管理体系的建立已成为当务之急，有机畜牧业的兴趣也迅速增加。

The situation surrounding organic foods has been undergoing a significant change since the beginning of 1990's. While organic agriculture has been practiced as a grass root movement, as many consumers seek safe products and agriculture harmonizing with environment, the global organic market is being formulated. In particular the outbreak of BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalophathy) has accelerated the expansion of organic market.As a result of such an expansion of the organic market, the food industry, which had not shown an interest in organic foods, now defines the organic sector as. the strategically important one in its management, and is engaging in a severe international competition.Regarding the organic livestock farming, while the formulation of standards has progressed at the global level, discussions have not been intense in Japan. In respect of the formulation of the CODEX guidelines of organic livestock farming, in spite that its contents have important implications to change … More s in the entire standards of organic agriculture, responses in Japan has so far been limited to a partial amendments of the Japan Agricultural Standards (JAS) in the framework of the Japan Agricultural Standard Act. It has failed to nurture the exhaustive discussions at citizens level as carried out in EU. In the current situation in Japan where the self-sufficiency ratio of livestock feeds remains very low, it is difficult to realize the organic livestock farming that promotes a recycling system within an area, and due to the fact that a large part of imported feeds are genetically modified organisms (GMO), the formulation of organic livestock farming standards itself has been put into question. These factors altogether have resulted in a limited interest in the organic livestock farming. However since the outbreak of BSE, in relation to investigation of the causes, the establishment of safety management system of livestock products has become an urgent issue, and the interest in organic livestock farming has been rapidly increasing Less