The effects of forest fires on some ecosystems and succession process of burned site

由于缺乏对日本一些老的火烧迹地的研究，有关火烧后植被演替的资料很少。在北海道岛和本州岛东北地区，部分被烧毁的地区长期没有植树造林。1911年5月18日发生的大规模森林火灾，北海道富良野市周围约36平方公里的针叶阔叶混交林被烧毁。大部分被烧毁的地区种植了一些针叶树（冷杉，落叶松，云杉等）。部分火烧迹地未造林，生长落叶阔叶乔灌木。落叶阔叶树种有白桦、蒙古栎。grosseserrata、白桦Betula platyphylla var.在林冠乔木层中以日本槭、色木槭等占优势，在基质中以高山冷杉、云杉等万年青针叶树种侵入。落叶阔叶林（阔叶林）今后将向针阔叶混交林转变。1983年4月27日岩手县久慈市的森林火灾烧毁了约930公顷。火烧林冠树的锯齿栎，蒙古栎变种。在林火后20年内，大齿栗、栗、苏合香、红脉槭、紫叶李等在烧焦的树干上抽出大量基生枝，并有部分新梢存活。火烧迹地的植被与1984年调查的未火烧迹地相似。

There is a little information about succession of post-Fire vegetation because of lack of study on some old burned areas following fire in Japan. Some burned areas remained without afforestation for a long time in Hokkaido Island and Tohoku District of Honshu Island.A large-scale forest fire started on May 18, 1911, and the original vegetation of mixed conifer-hardwood forest burned out approximately 36 Km^2 around Furano city in Hokkaido. Most of the burned area have been planted some coniferous trees (fir, larch, spruce etc.) and deciduous broad-leaved trees and shrubs grew in some burned area without afforestation. Deciduous broad-leaved trees of Betula maximowicziana, Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata, Betula platyphylla var. japonica, Acer mono and so on dominated in the canopy tree layer in the forest and evergreen coniferous trees of Abies sachalinessis and Picea glehnii invaded in the substrata. Deciduous broad-leaved forest (hardwood forest) will change to mixed conifer-hardwood forest in the future.The forest fire burned out about 930 ha on April 27, 1983 in Kuji city, Iwate Prefecture. Burned canopy trees of Quercus serrata, Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata, Castanea crenata, Styrax obassia, Acer rufinerve, Prunus verecunda and so on put out a large number of basal shoots on their scorched trunks and some of new shoots survived in twenty years after the forest fire. The post-fire vegetation of burned coppice forest is similar to unburned coppice forest investigated in 1984.