Changes on Land Surface, Climate/Water Cycle in Monsoon Asia-An Integrated International Cooperative Research Project-

利用GAME项目的观测资料和其他资料，分析了亚洲季风系统的能量和水循环过程，包括大陆和盆地尺度的季节和年际变化、植被-气候相互作用、积雪-气候相互作用以及欧亚大陆各地地表和大气加热与对流活动的相互关系。基于TRMM-PR降水资料分析，西太平洋至东南亚地区降水日循环的时空特征及其与地面条件的关系。利用区域大气模式，研究印度支那半岛和苏门答腊岛对流和降雨的日循环机制，特别是与海陆对比、地表能、水条件和地形有关。在东亚季风区，通过深入的数据分析和云分辨模式，了解了陆面条件对梅雨/白锋面系统中尺度云系统发展的影响。利用大气-海洋耦合gcm，分析了青藏高原地形和大陆尺度植被对亚洲季风系统的相对作用，并证明了地表植被和地形对亚洲季风系统的重要性。此外，利用大气gcm还讨论了高原地形和海温分布的相对作用。这些科学成果已经在包括美国《科学》在内的许多国际期刊上发表了200多篇同行评议的论文。2004财年，我们组织了6^< >国际游戏科学会议，180名科学家参加了会议，发表了140多篇论文，包括这里提到的科学成果。

Based on the observational data obtained through GAME project and other data sets, the analyses were made on energy and water cycle processes of the Asian monsoon system, including continental and basin-scale seasonal and interannual variations, vegetation-climate interaction, snow cover-climate interaction and inter-relations between surface and atmospheric heating and convective activities over various part of the Eurasian continent.Based on TRMM-PR precipitation data analysis, time-space characteristics of diurnal cycles of rainfall and their relation to surface conditions over the western Pacific through southeast Asia. Using regional atmospheric models, mechanisms of diurnal cycles of convection and rainfall over Indochina peninsula and Sumatra island, particularly relevant to land-sea contrast, surface energy and water conditions and topographies. In east Asian monsoon region, the role of land surface conditions on development of meso-scale cloud systems embedded in the Meiyu/Baiu frontal system was understood through the intensive data analysis and cloud-resolving models.By using atmosphere-ocean coupled GCMs, impacts of relative role of Tibetan plateau orography and continental-scale vegetation on the Asian monsoon system were assessed, and the importance of the surface vegetation on the Asian monsoon has proved to be essential as well as the orography. In addition, relative role of the plateau orography and sea surface temperature(SST) distribution was also discussed using atmospheric GCMs.These scientific results have already been published in more than 200 peer-reviewed papers in many international journals including Science in U.S.A. In FY 2004,we organized the 6^<th> international GAME scientific conference, where 180 scientists participated and more than 140 papers were presented including the scientific results mentioned here.