Why is change detection so difficult in change blindness?

在变化盲症中，检测局部变化是已知的唯一困难。在中枢神经系统中，由局部变化引起的刺激瞬变由大细胞神经元编码，而大细胞神经元被红色选择性地抑制。利用这一事实，在本研究中，使用相同亮度的不同背景颜色(红色、绿色和灰色)来测试变化检测。与传统的变化盲实验不同，本研究采用了简单的刺激结构，即在3个同心圆上布置圆点。有四个目标位置放置了环而不是点，在视野的每个象限一个。因此，变化事件是形式变化，其中四个环中的一个在呈现空白区域后变成了一颗星。这种变化检测的RTS是在不同的背景颜色下测量的。为了使变化检测变得困难，通过在目标环周围预先添加额外的星来防止单例注意捕获(例如，星的出现)。研究发现，当改变不能形成一个单独的环(即在每个环周围预先添加4颗星)时，尽管刺激区(显示目标和噪声刺激的区域)被切割成黑色的甜甜圈区域，但当背景颜色为红色时，改变尤其困难。

In change blindness, detection of a local change is known to be uniquely difficult. In the central nervous system, stimulus transiency caused by a local change is coded by the magnocellur neurons, which is known to be selectively suppressed by red color. Taking advantage of this fact, in the present study, change detection was tested with different background colors of equal luminance (red,green,and gray). Unlike traditional change blindness experiments, in the present study, a simple stimulus configuration with dots arranged on 3 concentric circles was used. There were four target locations where rings rather than dots were placed, one in each quadrant of the visual field. Thus, the change event was form change, in which one of the four rings turned into a star after presentation of a blank field. RTs for this change detection was measured under different background colors. To make change detection difficult, attentional capture by singleton (e.g., appearance of star) was prevented with additional stars added in advance around the target rings. It was found that when change did not make a singleton (that is, 4 stars were added in advance around each ring) change was especially difficult when background color was red in spite of the fact that the stimulus area (those where targets and noise stimuli were displayed) was cut out to make a black doughnut area.