RESEARCH ON INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF ENSURING THE ACCOUNTABILITY OF INTERN ATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS ; FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

本研究项目的目的是探讨如何促进确保国际组织在当代全球社会中的有效问责制。在当今全球社会中，各个领域的国际组织非常之多。本研究项目的主要重点是国际法协会1996年设立的国际组织问责问题国际委员会1编写的《建议规则和做法》。该研究项目的首席研究员植木教授自2000年起加入该国际委员会，该委员会为编写这些RRP而进行的各种辩论和工作是研究国际组织问责制的非常宝贵的学术资源。由于该国际委员会开展了非常积极的学术工作，委员会的最后报告，包括关于国际组织问责制的最后区域建议方案，已提交2004年8月在柏林举行的国际法协会第七十一届会议，并获得会议通过。这些RRP由三个部分组成。RRP第一部分规定了第一级问责制的规则，即一般的内部和外部监督。第二部分涉及第二级问责制，即关于国际组织赔偿责任/责任的主要规则和建议做法。《区域建议程序》第三部分涉及第三级问责制，即关于国际组织责任的次要规则和建议做法。最后，第四部分规定了针对国际组织的补救规则。从整体上看，这些责任建议是一系列旨在实现国际组织有效问责的具体原则和指导原则，是国际法在这一领域取得的令人瞩目的学术成果。

The aim of this research project is to examine how to contribute to ensure the effective accountability of international organizations in this contemporary global community. There are so many international organizations in various fields in this global society at the moment. The main focus of this research project is on the Recommended Rules and Practices (RRPs) prepared by the International Committee on Accountability of Internationa1 Organizations established by the International Law Association (ILA) in 1996. The Head Investigator of this research project, Prof. UEKI, had joined as a Member of this International Committee since 2000, and various debates and works in this Committee to prepare these RRPs was very valuable academic resources for the research on the accountability of international organizations. As the result of very active academic works by this International Committee, the Final Report of the Committee, including final RRPs on Accountability of International Organizations, was presented to the 71st Conference of ILA in August 2004 held in Berlin, and adopted by the Conference. These RRPs have been consisted by Three Parts. PART ONE of the RRPs provide the rules on the First Level of Accountability, namely internal and external scrutiny in general. PART TWO is related to the Second Level of Accountability, namely Primary Rules and Recommended Practices on liability/responsibility of international organizations. PART THREE of the RRPs concerns the Third Level of Accountability, namely Secondary Rules and Recommended Practices on responsibility of international organizations. Lastly, PART FOUR provided the rules on remedies against international organizations. As a whole, these RRPs are a series of specific and guidelines derived from principles aimed at achieving effective accountability regime of international organizations, and it was remarkable academic achievements in this area on international law.