Research on growth strategy of top enterprises in Chinese industries of electric home appliances, personal computer and automobile.

本文以正在成为“世界工厂”的中国制造业为切入点，运用企业战略理论的框架，比较分析了中国最具代表性的以建立大规模生产为目标进入汽车和家电行业的高端制造企业在竞争力积累方面取得的成就和存在的问题。同时，本文分析了中国制造业的动态变化以及沿着全球化和中国加入WTO后中国制造业的发展趋势，从国际比较来看，中国汽车制造业和家电制造业虽然在50年代中期才开始起步，但在70年代中期之前，汽车制造业的生产规模和技术水平都远远领先于家电制造业。之后，在受到产业保护和产业竞争力下降的同时，两个产业的竞争力却发生了逆转，出现了较大的差异。 ...更多信息 从20世纪70年代末的改革开放改革至今的20年发展历程中，政府的政策支持是如何发挥作用的。加入WTO后沿着中国汽车、家电制造企业竞争力的实际差距是如何形成的，影响因素是什么？具体而言，沿着政府产业政策等外部环境因素，各产业内部竞争程度与各高端厂商战略构建过程之间存在何种关系？最后，阐明了外部环境因素的差异、行业内竞争程度的差异以及各大制造商战略构建过程的差异分别导致了各大制造商业绩重心从政策到市场调整的时间差和竞争力的差异。首先，中国汽车制造商的竞争力的积累受到严格的进入限制和中央政府在80年代后半期实施的竞争性排斥政策的强烈限制，特别是当需求开始从卡车转向乘用车时。与此相反，由于80年代后半期大量新进入和大规模生产能力的引进，家电生产已经从卖方市场转向买方市场，政府政策对家电制造商的直接干预几乎变得不可能。此外，主要国有汽车制造企业虽然占据行业中心地位，但始终未能摆脱对政府政策和计划投资的依赖，其竞争力的建设也大大滞后于市场环境的变化。相比之下，没有了当初政府计划投资的预期，大多数民营家电企业在激烈的国内市场竞争中，顺应市场需求，稳步提升竞争力，跻身行业前列，乘着市场经济的浪潮。少

This paper compared and analyzed the achievements and issues of the competitive accumulation of Chinese most representative high-ranking manufacturers which entered the automotive sector and electric home appliances industries aiming at the establishment of mass production, by taking up the Chinese manufacturing that was becoming "Workshop of the world" and applying the frame of the corporate strategy theory. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes the dynamic changes of the Chinese manufacturing and the development tendency of enterprises along with the globalization and China's joining the WTO.Based on the international comparison, the automakers' production scale and technological level considerably advanced than appliance makers until the middle of 70's, though the Chinese automakers and home appliance makers showed up both in the middle of 50's. Afterwards, the competitiveness of both industries is reversed and a big difference has appeared while both receiving the industrial protection an … More d policy support of the government through 20 years development between the opening reform at the end of 1970's and current days.Based on the above-mentioned recognition, the concerning of this research is as follows. How the actual difference of the competitiveness caused between the Chinese automobile and electric home appliance makers along with the entry into the WTO, and what are the factors? Concretely, along with the outside environmental factors such as the industrial policies of the current government, what kind of relationship exit between the degrees of the internal competition of each industry and the process of the strategy construction of each high-ranking manufacturer?In conclusion, it was clarified that the difference among the outside environment factors, degree of the competition within each industry and the process of the strategy construction of each high-ranking manufacturer caused respectively the time difference for the adjustment from the policy to the market of the performance gravity among high-ranking manufacturers and the difference of competitiveness. First of all, the accumulation of competitiveness of the Chinese automakers was strongly restricted by a severe entry limitation and the competing exclusion policy of the central government that had been executed in the latter half of 80's especially when demand began to shift from truck to passenger car. On the contrast, the direct intervention of the government policy to home appliance makers almost became impossible because the production of home appliance had converted from the seller's market to the buyer's market due to a lot of new entries and the introduction of the mass production ability in the latter half of 80's. Moreover, the construction of the competitiveness of which it took precautions against the change in the market environment lagged behind greatly because major government-owned automakers were not able to get rid of the dependence of the government policy and the plan investment from beginning to end though they occupied the center position of the industry. On the contrast, without the expectation of the plan investment of the government at the time of beginning, the competitiveness of most of non government-owned home appliance makers has strengthened in answer to the market needs with steady steps, going up to the high rank of the industry and riding on the wave of the market economy by a severe domestic market competition. Less