Study on the Underlying Word Order of Old English through Interlinear Glosses

(A)-(E)与Lindisfarne Gloses有关，(F)用其他方言写的注释，(G)古英语散文，(H)中世纪英语散文，以及(I)古英语和中世纪英语。(A)古英语注释中将一个拉丁词翻译成多个古英语单词的词序反映了古英语真实的句法模式。(B)古英语注释中情态结构(带有情态动词和不定式的结构)和分词结构(带有be和过去分词的结构)的词序并不直接反映拉丁语原文的形态结构。(C)在中心-首MV(情态不定式)和中心-尾部VM(不定式-情态)顺序或中心-首字母BV(be-分词)顺序之间的选择)和头尾VB(分词BE)顺序受否定助词的存在的影响。(D)MV和VM顺序或BV和VB顺序之间的选择受主语的存在或不存在的影响，这表明了文体前置的存在。(E)由于在有主语的结构中观察到了首尾顺序，我们应该得出结论，首尾顺序和首尾顺序是一种可以接受的基本顺序。(F)在除北方方言以外的方言的注释中没有观察到文体前置的现象。(G)在古英语散文中，文体前置的现象在情态结构和分词结构中都可以观察到。(H)在中世纪英语散文中，文体前置的应用似乎仅限于北方方言中的分词结构，但该操作不仅适用于其他方言的情态结构，也适用于分词结构。(1)北方方言与其他方言的差异可以从维京人入侵开始的古斯堪的纳维亚人的影响来解释。

(A)-(E) are concerned with the Lindisfarne Gloss, (F) glosses written in other dialects, (G) Old English prose, (H) Middle English prose, and (I) Old and Middle English in general.(A) Word order in Old English glosses translating a single Latin word into more than one Old English word reflects the genuine syntactic pattern of Old English.(B) Word order of Modal Constructions (constructions with modal verbs and infinitives) and Participle Constructions (constructions with BE and past participles) in Old English glosses is not a direct reflection of morphological structure of the Latin original.(C) The choice between head-initial MV (modal-infinitive) and head-final VM (infinitive-modal) order or head-initial BV (BE-participle) and head-final VB (participle-BE) order is influenced by the presence of the negating particle.(D) The choice between MV and VM order or BV and VB order is influenced by the presence or absence of the subject, which indicates the existence of stylistic fronting.(E) Since head-final order is observed in constructions with subjects, we should conclude that head-initial as well as head-final order was an acceptable underlying order.(F) The phenomena accounted for in terms of stylistic fronting are not observed in glosses written in dialects other than the northern dialect.(G) In Old English prose, phenomena comparable to those caused by stylistic fronting are observed in Modal Constructions as well as in Participle Constructions.(H) In Middle English prose, the application of stylistic fronting seems to be limited to Participle Constructions in the Northern dialect, but the operation can apply to Modal Constructions as well as Participle Constructions in other dialects.(I) The difference between the Northern dialect and other dialects can be accounted for in terms of the influence of the Old Norse starting from the Viking invasion.