Biodiversity Conservation in Conifer Plantations

1)对九州南部不同林龄、相邻林分类型、经营历史、立地环境等林分属性的杉人工林中的植物种类的发生情况进行了调查，包括物种的特征生境、种子传播类型和生活型。在此基础上，模拟不同管理方案的效果，评价不同管理策略的保护效果。结果表明，长期经营策略的重要性，如延长采伐年龄或改变的空间布局，但短期措施，如间伐保护晚生林物种的效率低下。通过对小尺度或带状皆伐促进的异龄林的实地调查，验证了这些预测。2）利用传感器相机调查了野生动物的栖息地利用。结果表明，景观结构而不是林分结构的影响很大，这表明景观管理对于在管理的森林景观中保护野生动物的重要性。采用PLFA技术研究了针叶种植园土壤微生物的多样性，揭示了林分结构和土地利用方式对土壤微生物多样性的影响。3）通过野外观测、遥感和皆伐迹地试验，从采伐迹地更新源的角度评价了暖温带针叶林下植被的作用。研究结果表明，光叶林的成功恢复主要取决于提前更新，而不是埋置种子。4）研究了天然林树木分布与微地形的关系，为保护目标提供了模型。基于GIS获取的宏观尺度信息，估算了重要树种和植被类型的潜在分布。

1)Occurrence of plant species in sugi plantations of different stand attributes (such as stand age, adjacent stand type, management history, site environment) were investigated in southern Kyushu with respect to species' characteristic habitat, type of seed dispersal and life form. Based on this analysis effect of different management scenarios were simulated to evaluate the conservation efficiency of different management strategies. The result suggested the importance of long-term management strategy such as prolonging the cutting age or altering the spatial arrangement, but inefficiency of short-term practices such as thinning for conservation of late-seral forest species. These predictions were examined in the field survey of uneven-aged forest promoted by small-scale or strip clearcutting systems.2)Habitat use of wildlife was investigated by using sensor cameras. The results indicated a strong influence of landscape structure rather than of stand structure, suggesting the importance of landscape management for the conservation of wildlife in managed forest landscapes. Diversity of soil microbials in conifer plantation was also investigated using the PLFA technique, indicating the influence of both current stand structure and former land use.3)The role of understory vegetation of conifer plantations in a warm-temperate region was evaluated from the view pint of regeneration source after logging in reforestation-abandoned sites by field observation, remote-sensing and experimental abandoning after clearcutting. The results suggested the great contribution of advanced regeneration rather than buried viable seeds for successful recovery of lucidophyllus forest.4)Distribution of trees in natural forest were investigated in relation to micro-topography to provide the model of conservation goal. Potential distribution of important tree species and vegetation types were estimated based on GIS-derived macro-scale information.