Establishment of Forest Management System for Coexistence with Decreasing Golden Eagle Population.

1.岩手县北上高原南部的一对金雕的总活动范围为84 km ^2，这对金雕的狩猎活动范围约为30 km ^2。其中适于金雕狩猎的面积（如低矮灌木草地）仅为1-3km^2。2.在北上高原观察到的金雕的食物主要是野兔（Lepus brachyurus）、白颈长尾雉（Syrmaticus soemmerringii）和蛇。3.在两个针叶幼林行间伐试验区之一，一只金雕潜入行内捕捉食用动物。4.为了阐明疏行对金雕觅食活动的诱导作用，我们在疏行区对金雕的觅食行为进行了监测。 ...更多信息 鹰的数量及其主要猎物的数量，即，日本野兔和蛇的削减和两个控制网站之前和之后，间伐三年。2003年间伐后野兔数量显著增加，2004年开始下降，2005年恢复到间伐前的密度水平。至于蛇，在整个研究期间，割接地点和对照地点之间的数量没有可检测到的影响。然而，制造间隙可能会对引蛇产生影响，因为割接时发现的所有蛇都只在切割线上。5.在北上高原南部地区，对疏行后的林下植被进行了3年的监测，并通过粪便颗粒和植物枝条上取食痕迹的植物DNA分析，估计了日本野兔的食物植物种类及其对植物种类的偏好。这些结果表明，在评价兔饲料时，应考虑植物种类和植物高度的偏好。采用粪便DNA分析技术对研究区及其周边地区采集的粪粒进行个体鉴定。结果表明，野兔的种群密度约为每平方公里7.3只。(97减

1.A total home range of a surveyed pair of Golden eagle at southern part of the Kitakami Plateau in Iwate Prefecture was 84 km^2, and hunting home range of the pair was about 30 km^2. In them, area fit for hunting(ex ; low shrub grassland) of Golden eagles was only 1-3km^2. It was thought as a cause such that the Golden eagle pair showed low breeding success rate as 10% or so.2.Foods of Golden eagles observed at the Kitakami Plateau were primarily hare(Lepus brachyurus), copper pheasants(Syrmaticus soemmerringii), and snakes. These composition was not different between two periods of 1970-1990 and 2003-2005.3.At one of two experimental areas where row thinning in young conifer forest were conducted, a Golden eagle made diving into the row to catch a food animal. But hunting behaviors were observed rarely in these row thinning area compared with other areas fit for hunting.4.In order to clarify an effect of row thinning on inducing foraging activity in golden eagle, we monitored occurre … More nce of eagle and amount of its principal prey, i.e., Japanese hare and snakes on cut-over and two control sites before and after thinning for three years. The amount of hare increased remarkably in 2003 after thinning, but thereafter turned to decrease in 2004 and finally returned to density level before thinning in 2005. As for snakes, there was no detectable effect in number between cutover and control sites throughout study period. However, making gap might have an effect on inducing snakes, since all snakes found on cutover were only in cutting lines. By contrast, no apparent effect by row thinning was recognized on occurrence frequency and foraging activity of eagle.5.In southern Kitakami highland area, understory vegetation was monitored for three years after row thinning, and food plant species of Japanese hare and their preference of plant species were estimated by plant DNA analysis from fecal pellets and feeding marks on plant shoots. These results suggested that preference of plant species and plant height should be considered for hare food evaluation. Individual identification using fecal DNA analysis was carried out from fecal pellets collected in research area and its surroundings. As a result, the population density of hare was estimated about 7.3 individuals per square km. (97 words) Less