Study on cognitive deterioration in Vision and touch with aging, and its compensation and prosthesis …for Productive Aging…

对老年人和视力障碍者进行视觉和触觉方面的认知能力检查。结果总结如下：视力：(1)可读性和分类色觉随着年龄的增长而变差(2)老年人的对比敏感度将成为白内障手术的标准。(3)日常行为将成为衡量老年视力障碍患者生活质量的标准。(4)模拟低视力患者的日常行为困难逐渐增加，尤其是区分阴影与真实物体的困难。(5)各交通环境能见度和视觉注意力下降。触觉：(1)开发新的图形信息触觉显示，将视觉信息转换为触觉信息。(2)在触觉表观运动中，目标的大小仅在运动阶段的SOA范围内被识别。(3)触觉变化盲与视觉变化盲在许多重要方面存在显著差异，并且在双手之间存在变化盲。(4)通过触觉进行视觉感官的替代，轭式模式将是有效的。视觉与触觉的交叉模态：(1)随着位置视觉信息的增加，触觉变化检测的反应时间缩短，记忆广度增加。(2)视觉信息有助于粗糙度的识别。

Cognitive performance of aged person and person with visual deficit was examined in vision and touch.Results were summarized as follows.Vision: (1) Readability and categorical color perception was deteriorated with aging (2) Contrast Sensitibity of aged person will be criterion of surgery for cataract. (3) Daily Behavior will be criterion of QOL for aged person with visual deficit. (4) Difficulties of daily behavior was gradually increased with simmurated low vision, especially to distinguish shadow with real object. (5) Visibility and visual attention was deteriorated in various traffic environment.Touch: (1) New tactile display for graphical information was developed and visual information was converted to tactile information. (2) In tactile apparent movement, the size of target was discriminated only in range of SOA of movement phase. (3) Change blindness in touch was remarkably different from in vision in various important aspects, and it was found between both hand. (4) Yoked mode will be effective for visual sensory substitution by touch.Cross-modarity between vision and touch: (1) Reaction time for tactile change detection was decreased and memory span was increased with visual information of position. (2) Discrimination of roughness was facilitated with visual information.