Study on Momentum Exchange Impact Damper

本研究提出了一种使用动量交换冲击阻尼器对冲压机和楼层进行冲击控制的方法。这种方法是基于两个碰撞物体的动量守恒。冲压减振器由与冲床床身或地板直接接触的质量块组成，由弹簧和缓冲器支撑。1.冲压机研制了动量交换冲击减振器的冲压机实验装置。对机床的地面传力和振动进行了理论分析。理论预测与实验结果吻合较好。结果表明，冲击阻尼器比传统的浮基减振器更有效。如果在撞击之前将质量块强迫到床上，则冲击阻尼器可能会更有效。这是由电磁施加的预紧力造成的。2.建筑物的楼层动量交换…楼层实验装置生产出了更多的GE冲击阻尼器。地板是由混凝土板上的丙烯板制成的。地板由楼板上的四根柱子支撑。利用载荷传感器、传声器和频谱分析仪测量了柱上传力和楼板下房间内的声场。研究了阻尼器与地板的质量比对传力和声学的影响。并进行了理论分析，计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。结果表明，冲击阻尼器可以用这种分析方法进行设计，传力途径有两种，一种是通过柱子传递，另一种是通过楼板与楼板之间的空气传递。前者被称为实生力，后者被称为空生力。一般来说，固体生来的力量大于空气生来的力量。结果表明，当楼板与楼板之间的距离较小时，气动力起着重要的作用，在设计冲击阻尼器时应考虑气动力的影响。较少

This research proposes an impact control method for a stamping press machine and floor of building using a momentum exchange impact damper. This method is based on momentum conservation of two colliding bodies. The impact damper is composed of a mass which has a direct contact with the bed of stamping press or the floor and is supported by a spring and a dashpot.1.Stamping press machineAn experimental apparatus of stamping press machine with a momentum exchange impact damper was produced. The theoretical analyses of the transferred force to the ground and the vibration of machine were carried out. The theoretical predictions agreed well with the experimental results. It was shown that the impact damper was more effective than the conventional floating base method. The impact damper could be more effective if the mass was forced to the bed before the impact. This was made by a preload given by an electro-magnet.2.Floor of buildingAn experimental apparatus of floor with a momentum exchan … More ge impact damper was produced. The floor was made of an acryl plate on a concrete slab. The floor was supported by four columns on the slab. The transfer force to the column and the sound in a room below the slab were measured by means of load sensors, a microphone and a frequency analyzer. The transfer force and the sound were investigated with respect to the mass ratio of damper and floor. The theoretical analyses were also carried out and the calculated results agreed well with the experimental results. It was shown that the impact damper could be designed by this analytical method.There are two routes of transfer force, one is via columns and the other is via air between the floor and the slab. The former is called as the solid-born force and the latter is called as the air-born force. In general, the solid-born force is larger than the air-born force. However, it was shown that when the distance between the floor and the slab was small, the air-born force had a significant role and the design of the impact damper should consider the air-born force. Less