Making a detector for observing photons at CERN LHC to clarify ultra-high energy cosmic ray phenomena

本研究的目的是制作一个能在2008年投入使用的CERN LHC上运行的探测器，并观测在非常前沿区域产生的光子、π 0和中子的能谱。在此基础上，我们考察了超高能宇宙线诱导空气簇射发展的蒙特-卡罗模拟中所使用的各种核相互作用模型。为此，我们对CERN的实验条件进行了详细的考察，与CERN的研究人员和我们的合作者进行了谈判，提交了实验方案，参加了裁判委员会，介绍了CERN SPS的原型探测器的研制和束流测试，以及真实的运行探测器的研制和束流测试，并对原型探测器的性能进行了总结，提交给核仪器和方法A（出版中）。我们在各种国际会议上介绍了该项目，获得了高度赞赏。行政长官的评估程序 ...更多信息 2007年夏天，我们的实验被正式批准为第六次<th>实验，LHCf。这是除了LHC项目开始时批准的大型实验之外的第一个实验。我们制作的探测器是一个钨辐射长度为1040的量热计，由两个塔组成，一个是2cm × 2cm，另一个是4cm × 4cm的横截面积。对于淋浴中心的定位，我们使用闪烁纤维和多阳极光电倍增管。对于吸收能量的采样，我们使用塑料闪烁体。我们还放置了一个机械手，以便在束流曝光期间可以远程控制探测器的位置。探测器将安装在距离IP1相互作用点140 m处。在这一点上，束管分裂成两个，我们可以观察到中性粒子发射，即使在零度，通过把探测器只是在中间，在那里我们可以找到一个空间的9厘米宽和35厘米长的一侧TAN吸收中性粒子。2007年1月成功进行了预安装测试，证明了我们的安装可以在短时间内快速完成。少

The purpose of this research is to make a detector to be operated at CERN LHC which is expected to work in 2008, and observe the energy spectrum of photons, pi0s and neutrons produced in the very forward region. With that result, we examine various nuclear interaction models used in the Monte-Carlo simulation for development of air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays.For this end, we performed a detailed investigation of experimental conditions at CERN, negotiation with researchers in CERN and ouroversee collaborators, submission of experimental proposal, attendance at the committee of referee board, production of a prototype detector and its beam test by CERN SPS, and production and beam test of a detector to be used at real run.The performance of the proto-type detector was summarized and submitted to Nuclear Instrument and Method A (in press). We presented the project at various international conferences to receive a high appreciation. The evaluation procedure by the CE … More RN LHC committee extended over 2.5 years and our experiment has been formally approved as 6^<th> experiment, LHCf, in the summer of 2007. This is the first experiment except for large ones approved at the start of the LHC project. The detector we made is a calorimeter having 〜40 radiation length of tungsten, consisting of two towers ; one is 2cmx2cm and the other 4cmx4cm cross-sectional area. For the shower center positioning, we use scintillating fibers and multi-anode PMT's. For sampling of absorbed energy, we use plastic scintillator. We also put a manipulator so that the detector position can be controlled remotely during beam exposure.The detector will be installed at 140 m away from the IP1 interaction point. At that point, the beam pipe splits into two and we can observe neutral particles emitted even in the zero degree by putting the detector just inbetween, where we can find a space of 9cm in width and 35 cm in length in side the TAN for absorbing neutral particles. The pre-installation test was successfully performed in Jan. 2007 and we proved our installation can finish in a short time quickly. Less