The effects of an outdoor experiential therapy program on the adolescents with mental problems

本研究的目的是评估户外体验式治疗方案对青少年心理问题(逃学、情绪和行为障碍等)的效果。采用定性案例研究和定量问卷调查相结合的方法对该方案进行了检验。该案例研究探索了心理社会和身体影响对项目中每个青少年的个体意义。有一些案例表明，社会环境和自我之间、母亲和孩子之间、自我和自我之间的关系得到了改善。在身体发展方面，有些情况下，学生认识到他们在户外活动中体力或技能的改善，这反过来又影响了他们的自尊。青少年在节目中经历了各种心理任务，并进行了应对。这些体验被认为是“个性化的过程”。一项关于自我概念的问卷调查也显示了同样的结果。自我概念总分、成就动机、努力、自信和自我接纳在项目前(项目前)和项目后(项目后即刻)均有显著提高。在测试前和测试后II(项目结束后一个月)之间没有显著差异。结果揭示了与其他研究的一些不同之处。提出了该方案所特有的一些因素。

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the outcomes of an outdoor experiential therapy program on adolescents with mental problems (truancy, emotional and behavioral disorders, etc.). A qualitative case study approach and a quantitative questionnaire survey were used to examine the program. The case study explored the individual meaning of psychosocial and physical impacts on each adolescent in the program. There were some cases that showed improved relationships: between the worlds of social environment and self, between mother and child, between self and self. In terms of physical development, there were some cases where the students recognized improvements in their physical strength or skills in outdoor activities, which in turn affected their self-esteem. The adolescents experienced various psychological tasks during the program and coped with them. These experiences were recognized as ''individuation processes''. A questionnaire survey on self-concept also showed the same results. Test scores of self-concept showed a significant increase in total score, achievement motive, effort, self-confidence and self-acceptance between pre-test (before the program) and post-test I (immediately after the program). There were no significant differences between pre-test and post-test II (one month after the program). The results revealed some differences from other studies. Some factors unique to this program are suggested.