Research on the measure against isolated colony and revival process of the intermediate and mountainous area in the Niigata-Chuetsu earthquake

新泻地震对道路和河流造成了广泛的破坏，主要是因为该地区是日本最容易发生山体滑坡的地区之一，也因为地震前几天一直受到第23号台风带来的强降雨的袭击。事实证明，中部山区的市政当局尤其脆弱，因为当河流和道路被封锁时，它们处于孤立状态，迫使许多居民暂时疏散熟悉的环境，并在疏散中心避难。由于许多房屋和设施遭到严重破坏，恢复预计将是一个漫长的过程。地震还加速了人口减少和人口整体老龄化，早在地震发生之前就存在的问题，以及整个社区消失的前景在人们的头脑中变得更加真实。在地震发生三年后的今天，大多数道路已经修复，受山体滑坡影响的地点已经开展了预防工作。居民赖以生存的稻田和田地等农用土地也得到了恢复。然而，被认为对维持这些村庄的生存至关重要的行动现在才开始形成，如果有的话。楚楚地震与1995年的阪神Awaji大地震不同，它是中等山区灾害。因此，虽然恢复工作与一般中等山区的灾难恢复工作密切相关，但重要的是研究这一特殊灾难的情况，以了解情况，因为日本70%的土地位于类似的地形上。该研究项目显示了受影响村庄的现状和探索支助模式，这些支助模式对于在受影响的村庄实现自我可持续的恢复工作至关重要。

The Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake caused extensive damage to roads and rivers, primarily because the region is one of the most landslide-prone in Japan and also because it had been hit by heavy rainfall from typhoon 23 for several days immediately before the earthquake. Municipalities in intermediate mountainous regions proved to be particularly vulnerable as they were isolated when rivers and roads were blocked, forcing many residents to temporarily evacuate their familiar surroundings and take refuge in evacuation centers. Recovery was expected to be a prolonged process as many homes and facilities were seriously damaged. The earthquake also accelerated depopulation and the overall aging of the population, issues that had been present from well before the earthquake, and the prospect of entire communities vanishing has become even more real in people's minds.Today, three years after the earthquake, most roads have been repaired and preventive work has been performed at locations that were affected by landslides. Agricultural land, such as paddies and fields on which residents depended for their livelihood, has also been restored. However, actions that are considered essential for sustaining these villages have only now started to take shape if at all. The Chuetsu Earthquake contrasted with the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake of 1995 in that it was an intermediate mountainous region disaster. As such, while recovery efforts were related closely to disaster recovery efforts for intermediate mountainous areas in general, it is important to study the conditions of this particular disaster to gain insight since 70% of the land in Japan is found on similar terrain. This research project shows the current situation and explore modes of support that would be crucial for enabling self-sustainable recovery efforts in affected villages.