Control and Visualization of Molecular Wavefunctions by Quantum Holography

控制分子波函数的能力可能会导致新的量子技术，如键选择化学和量子计算。理解相干损耗过程对于利用凝聚态介质中的量子干涉效应实现这些量子技术至关重要。虽然绝大多数化学反应发生在溶液中，但由于波函数的快速退相干，对凝聚态介质中多原子分子的相干反应控制的实验研究很少。这些快速的量子相弛豫被认为是由溶质-溶剂相互作用引起的。因此，了解溶剂分子在脱相机制中的作用是非常必要的。文章指出，抑制脱相对于发展更一般反应的相干控制技术是必要的。因此，保护分子波函数不受周围环境的影响成为实现凝聚态量子控制技术的一个重要问题。

The ability to control molecular wave functions may lead to novel quantum technologies such as bond-selective chemistry and quantum computing. An understanding of the coherent loss process is essential for the realization of these quantum technologies using quantum interference effects in condensed media. Although the overwhelming majority of chemical reactions take place in solution, there have been very few experimental studies on the coherent reaction control of polyatomic molecules in condensed media, due to the rapid decoherence of wavefunctions. These fast quantum-phase relaxations are thought to be caused by solute-solvent interactions. Thus, an understanding of the roles of solvent molecules in the dephasing mechanism is strongly required. It is noted that the inhibition of dephasing is necessary for the development of coherent control techniques for more general reactions. Therefore, the protection of molecular wavefunctions from the surrounding environment becomes an important issue for the realization of quantum control techniques in condensed phases.