A STUDY ON ESTIMATION METHODS OF WEATHER ELEMENTS TO REINFORCE THE EXPANDED AMeDAS WEATHER DATA BASED ON THE METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS.

扩充版AMeDAS天气资料（以下简称E-AMeDAS）是日本气象厅对AMeDAS资料的整理，收录了日本20年的842个站点，于2005年出版。为了有效地利用E-AMeDAS，需要对当前版本中没有收集到的数据进行强化，如UV-A、UV-B、PAR等。为建立气象量的估算模型，开展了基础数据采集的测量工作。在秋田立大学、东京地铁大学、大阪府立大学、鹿儿岛大学的前期测量站中引入了照度、UV-A、UV-B、PAR传感器。这些观测站的测量系统包含了辐照度、照度、UV-A、UV-B、PAR、空气温度、湿度、风向和风速等大量的量。长期测量从2006年1月1日开始，每分钟收集的数据越来越多。根据实测数据，详细分析了紫外辐射与辐照度的关系。利用晴空指数和晴空指数对天空状况进行分类的方法，对建立从辐照度估算UV-A和UV-B的表达模型具有较强的实用价值。将E-AMeDAS中先前推荐的从辐照度估算照度的模型与实测数据进行了比较，证实了其较高的精度。提出了一种估算全局到直接辐照度的基本模型。研究了从风向、风速和降雨量的长时间间隔值中估计1分钟间隔值的方法。为进一步加强E-AMeDAS，天文台计划继续进行测量，并根据长期连续测量所得的资料，发展各种气象量的估计方法。基于这一持续的研究工作所取得的成果，我们将很快为广大用户提供先进、高效、多用途的下一代E-AMeDAS。少

The Expanded AMeDAS Weather Data (referred to E-AMeDAS hereafter), which contained 842 sites for 20 years of Japan, is the arrangement of the AMeDAS data by the Meteorological Agency, and was published in 2005. To use the E-AMeDAS effectively, it is necessary to reinforce the data, which are not collected in the current version, such as UV-A, UV-B, PAR, etc... The measurement to gather the basic data was started aiming to develop the estimation model of the meteorological quantities. The sensors of illuminance, UV-A, UV-B, PAR were introduced into the previous measurement stations of Akita Prefectural University, Tokyo Metro University, Osaka City University, and Kagoshima University. The measurement systems in those stations containing a lot of quantities such as the irradiance, the illuminance, UV-A, UV-B, PAR, the air temperature, the humidity, the wind direction and velocity, and so forth were restructured. The long term measurement was started on January 1, 2006 and the data have … More been gathered in every one minute.The relationship of the UV radiation and the irradiance was examined in detail based on the measurement data. The method of classifying the sky condition by the clear sky index and the clear sky index was confirmed to be powerful to the development of the expression model to estimate the UV-A and UV-B from the irradiance. The previously recommended model in the E-AMeDAS to estimate of the illuminance from the irradiance was compared with the measurement data, and the high accuracy was confirmed. A basic model of estimating global-to-direct irradiance was proposed. The method to estimate the 1 minute interval values from the long time interval values concerning the wind direction and velocity, and the amount of rain fall were examined.To reinforce the E-AMeDAS further, it is scheduled that the measurement will be continued and the estimation method of various meteorological quantities will be developed based on the data acquired by a long-term, continuous measurement. Based on the results achieved by this continuous research work, the sophisticated E-AMeDAS of next version that can be used effectively and multipurpose will be provided for a lot of users soon. Less