A Comparative Study on the Politics of Positioning by Alien / International Schools in Multi-cultural Society

摘要：本研究的目的是讨论以下两点。首先，它将清楚每个国家如何管理外国人/国际学校，以及他们如何在多元文化社会中实施教育战略。第二，另一方面，这些外国/国际学校如何根据每种情况展示其多层次的身份也是很清楚的。以东南亚国家（柬埔寨、马来西亚、泰国、印度尼西亚）、东亚国家（韩国、中国、日本）、摩洛哥为研究对象进行了实地调查。结果：通过26章的总结报告，我们发现外国人/国际学校作为满足那些不能满足本国教育制度的人的需求的场所发挥了作用。特别是，我们发现新的现象，如1）移民/少数民族的子女倾向于在原来为外国人设立的外国人/国际学校学习，2）另一方面，老年人的种族或宗教身份被海外教育资本激活。意义和重要性：我们提出了新的知识，如外国/国际学校的历史观点，对国家教育系统内部仍然存在的不均衡的观点，以及对全球化不均衡的认识。特别是揭示了提供汉语的中文学校的新动向、国际学校作为全球性企业的发展以及穆斯林教育网络作为东南亚和东亚国家国际学校新趋势的超国家特征。

Summary : The purpose of this study is to discuss the following two points. First, it would be clear how each country regulates the alien/international schools and how they do their education strategy in multi-cultural societies. Second, on the other hand, it would be also clear how these alien/international schools demonstrate their multi-level identities according each situation. We did fieldwork as the objects of research, at Southeast Asian Countries (Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia), East Asian Countries (Korea, China and Japan) and Morocco.Results : Through our final report that consisted of 26 chapters, we found that the alien/international schools have functioned as room to fulfill the demand for people who could not satisfy their national education system. Especially, we found the new phenomena such as, 1) the immigrant/minority children who have the concerned nationality tend to study at the alien/international schools that have been originally established for foreigner, 2) on the other hand, the ethnic or religious identities of old-comer were activated by education capital from overseas.Significance and Importance : We submitted the new knowledge such as the viewpoint to historical perspectives of alien/international schools, the viewpoint to the disproportion that still exist inside national education system, and the viewpoint to the awareness of the disproportion by globalization. Especially we revealed the new movement of Chinese schools that offer Chinese language, the development of international schools as global business, and the super-national characteristics of Muslim education network as a new trend of international schools in Southeast Asian and East Asian countries.